Wiktionary

πŒΎπŒΏπ„

Gothic edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Germanic *jut. Akin to Old English Δ‘it and Old Norse it (whence Icelandic ΓΎiΓ°).

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

πŒΎπŒΏπ„ β€’ (jut)

  1. you two, the two of you (second-person dual personal pronoun)
    • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Matthew (Codex Argenteus) 9.29:[1]
      𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌿𐌷 πŒ°π„π„πŒ°πŒΉπ„π‰πŒΊ 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌼 𐌹𐌢𐌴 πŒ΅πŒΉπŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ: 𐌱𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²πŒ΅πŒ°π‚πŒ°πŒΉ π…πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉ πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²πŒ΅πŒΉπƒ.
      ΓΎanuh attaitōk augam izΔ“ qiΓΎands: bi galaubeinai iggqarai wairΓΎai iggqis.
      Then touched he their eyes, saying, According to your faith be it unto you. (KJV)
    • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Mark (Codex Argenteus) 10.35–36:[2]
      𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ°π„πŒ·πŒ°πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½ πƒπŒΉπŒΊ 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 πŒΉπŒ°πŒΊπ‰πŒ±πŒΏπƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒΉπ‰πŒ·πŒ°πŒ½πŒ½πŒ΄πƒ, πƒπŒΏπŒ½πŒΎπŒΏπƒ πŒΆπŒ°πŒΉπŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ°πŒΏπƒ, πŒ΅πŒΉπŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ: πŒ»πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒ°π‚πŒΉ, π…πŒΉπŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ° 𐌴𐌹 πŒΈπŒ°π„πŒ΄πŒΉ 𐌸𐌿𐌺 πŒ±πŒΉπŒ³πŒΎπ‰πƒ, π„πŒ°πŒΏπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ πŒΏπŒ²πŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπƒ. / 𐌹𐌸 πŒΉπŒ΄πƒπŒΏπƒ 𐌡𐌰𐌸 𐌹𐌼: 𐍈𐌰 π…πŒΉπŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ π„πŒ°πŒΏπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ 𐌼𐌹𐌺 πŒΉπŒ²πŒ΅πŒΉπƒ?
      jah athabaidΔ“dun sik du imma iakōbus jah iōhannΔ“s, sunjus zaibaidaiaus, qiΓΎandans: laisari, wileima ei ΓΎatei ΓΎuk bidjōs, taujais uggkis. / iΓΎ iΔ“sus qaΓΎ im: Ζ•a wileits taujan mik igqis?
      And James and John, the sons of Zebedee, come unto him, saying, Master, we would that thou shouldest do for us whatsoever we shall desire. / And he said unto them, What would ye that I should do for you? (KJV)
    • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: First Epistle to the Corinthians (Codex Ambrosianus A) 12.21:[3]
      𐌽𐌹𐌸-𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌼𐌰𐌲 πŒ°πŒΏπŒ²π‰ 𐌡𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌳𐌿 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿: 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌽𐌹 πŒΈπŒ°π‚π†, 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 πŒ°π†π„π‚πŒ° 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸 𐌳𐌿 π†π‰π„πŒΏπŒΌ: πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²πŒ΅πŒ°π‚πŒ° 𐌽𐌹 πŒΈπŒ°π‚π†;
      niþ-þan mag augō qiþan du handau: þeina ni þarf, aiþþau aftra haubiþ du fōtum: iggqara ni þarf;
      And the eye cannot say unto the hand, I have no need of thee: nor again the head to the feet, I have no need of you. (KJV)

Reconstruction notes edit

The nominative πŒΎπŒΏπ„ (jut) itself is not attested, but is reconstructed based on the plural form πŒΎπŒΏπƒ (jΕ«s) compared with π…πŒΉπ„ (wit) and π…πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ (weis), and based on the cognates (see etymology).

Declension edit

Variant spellings πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²πŒ΅πŒΉπƒ (iggqis) and πŒΉπŒ½πŒ΅πŒΉπƒ (inqis) are also attested. The genitive is only attested as πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²πŒ΅πŒ°π‚πŒ° (iggqara). The clusters 𐌲𐌡, 𐌲𐌲𐌡 and 𐌽𐌡 are pronounced identically.

Gothic personal pronouns
singular
first person second person reflexive
nominative 𐌹𐌺 (ik) 𐌸𐌿 (ΓΎΕ«) β€”
accusative 𐌼𐌹𐌺 (mik) 𐌸𐌿𐌺 (ΓΎuk) πƒπŒΉπŒΊ (sik)
genitive 𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 (meina) 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 (ΓΎeina) πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ° (seina)
dative πŒΌπŒΉπƒ (mis) πŒΈπŒΏπƒ (ΓΎus) πƒπŒΉπƒ (sis)
possessive πŒΌπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πƒ (meins) πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πƒ (ΓΎeins) πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πƒ (seins)
dual
nominative π…πŒΉπ„ (wit) πŒΎπŒΏπ„ (jut) β€”
accusative πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπƒ (ugkis) πŒΉπŒ²πŒ΅πŒΉπƒ (igqis) πƒπŒΉπŒΊ (sik)
genitive *πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°π‚πŒ° (*ugkara) πŒΉπŒ²πŒ²πŒ΅πŒ°π‚πŒ° (iggqara) πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ° (seina)
dative πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒΉπƒ (ugkis) πŒΉπŒ²πŒ΅πŒΉπƒ (igqis) πƒπŒΉπƒ (sis)
possessive *πŒΏπŒ²πŒΊπŒ°π‚ (*ugkar) πŒΉπŒ²πŒ΅πŒ°π‚ (igqar) πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πƒ (seins)
plural
nominative π…πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ (weis) πŒΎπŒΏπƒ (jΕ«s) β€”
accusative πŒΏπŒ½πƒ,Β πŒΏπŒ½πƒπŒΉπƒ (uns, unsis) πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ (izwis) πƒπŒΉπŒΊ (sik)
genitive πŒΏπŒ½πƒπŒ°π‚πŒ° (unsara) πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒ°π‚πŒ° (izwara) πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ° (seina)
dative πŒΏπŒ½πƒπŒΉπƒ,Β πŒΏπŒ½πƒ (unsis, uns) πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ (izwis) πƒπŒΉπƒ (sis)
possessive πŒΏπŒ½πƒπŒ°π‚ (unsar) πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒ°π‚ (izwar) πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πƒ (seins)

References edit

  1. ^ Matthew chapter 9 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
  2. ^ Mark chapter 10 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
  3. ^ Corinthians I chapter 12 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
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