-ας

See also: -άς, ας, ασ', ἅς, and Appendix:Variations of "as"

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /aːs/ → /as/ → /as/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /aːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /as/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /as/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /as/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /as/

Suffix

-ᾱς • (-ās)

1. The nominative singular ending of masculine first-declension nouns in most dialects. Replaced by -ης (-ēs) in all cases in Ionic, and in most cases in Attic.
2. The genitive singular ending of feminine first-declension nouns and adjectives in many dialects. Replaced by -ης (-ēs) in all cases in Ionic, and in most cases in Attic.
3. The accusative plural ending of all first-declension nouns and adjectives in many dialects. -ᾰς (-as) or -ᾰνς (-ans), -αις (-ais), and -αιρ (-air) are used by dialects attested from inscriptions.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /as/ → /as/ → /as/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /as/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /as/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /as/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /as/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /as/

Suffix

-ᾰς • (-as)

1. The accusative plural ending of most third-declension nouns and many third-declension adjectives. -ᾰνς (-ans) is also used in the Cretan dialect.
2. The accusative plural ending of first-declension nouns and adjectives in various dialects attested in inscriptions: see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension § First declension.

Etymology 3

Metanalysis of *-sants, a combination of the typical suffix of the first aorist active stem *-sa and *-nts (from Proto-Indo-European *-onts). Several other participial formations also descend from a form in *-nts: the present active -ων (-ōn), the second aorist active in -ών (-ṓn), the contracted present active and contracted future active in -ῶν (-ôn), the aorist passive in -είς (-eís), and several present active and aorist active athematic forms like ἱστᾱ́ς (histā́s) and στᾱ́ς (stā́s).

Suffix

-ας • (-as) m (feminine -ᾱσᾰ, neuter -ᾰν); first/third declension

1. first aorist active participle ending

   ‎δειξ- (deix-, first aorist stem of δείκνῡμι (deíknūmi)) + ‎-ας (-as) → ‎δείξᾱς (deíxās)

   ‎λῡσ- (lūs-, first aorist stem of λῡ́ω (lū́ō)) + ‎-ας (-as) → ‎λῡ́σᾱς (lū́sās)

   ‎μειν- (mein-, first aorist stem of μένω (ménō)) + ‎-ας (-as) → ‎μείνᾱς (meínās)

Inflection

First and third declension of -ᾱς; -ᾱσᾰ; -ᾰν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-ᾱς -ās	-ᾱσᾰ -āsa	-ᾰν -an		-ᾰντε -ante	-ᾱ́σᾱ -ā́sā	-ᾰντε -ante		-ᾰντες -antes	-ᾱσαι -āsai	-ᾰντᾰ -anta
Genitive		-ᾰντος -antos	-ᾱ́σης -ā́sēs	-ᾰντος -antos		-ᾰ́ντοιν -ántoin	-ᾱ́σαιν -ā́sain	-ᾰ́ντοιν -ántoin		-ᾰ́ντων -ántōn	-ᾱσῶν -āsôn	-ᾰ́ντων -ántōn
Dative		-ᾰντῐ -anti	-ᾱ́σῃ -ā́sēi	-ᾰντῐ -anti		-ᾰ́ντοιν -ántoin	-ᾱ́σαιν -ā́sain	-ᾰ́ντοιν -ántoin		-ᾱσῐ / -ᾱσῐν -āsi(n)	-ᾱ́σαις -ā́sais	-ᾱσῐ / -ᾱσῐν -āsi(n)
Accusative		-ᾰντᾰ -anta	-ᾱσᾰν -āsan	-ᾰν -an		-ᾰντε -ante	-ᾱ́σᾱ -ā́sā	-ᾰντε -ante		-ᾰντᾰς -antas	-ᾱ́σᾱς -ā́sās	-ᾰντᾰ -anta
Vocative		-ᾱς -ās	-ᾱσᾰ -āsa	-ᾰν -an		-ᾰντε -ante	-ᾱ́σᾱ -ā́sā	-ᾰντε -ante		-ᾰντες -antes	-ᾱσαι -āsai	-ᾰντᾰ -anta
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		-ᾰ́ντως -ántōs				—				—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.