Appendix:Romanian nouns/Feminine

Feminine nouns are relatively complex in the Romanian language.

Nominative/Accusative case

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Indefinite/Base forms

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Singular

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Feminine nouns are generally easy to spot. They almost always end in vowels.

Plurals

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Like neuter nouns, feminine nouns are not always as easy to form into plurals as masculine nouns.

singular plural
-ă changes to -e
o studentă două studente
o casă două case
-ă changes to -i
o mașină două mașini
o seară două seri
-ă changes to -uri
o marfă două mărfuri
o blană două blănuri
-e changes to -i*
o lume două lumi
o noapte două nopți
-vowel+ie changes to -vowel+i
o cheie două chei
o foaie două foi
-consonant+ie changes to -consonant+ii
o bucătărie două bucătării
-a + -le
o sofa_ două sofale
-ea changes to -ele
o stea două stele
o cafea două cafele
-ia changes to -iele
o mia două miele
-i does not change
o marți două marți

* For feminine nouns designating people that end in -toare, there is no change to form the plural. o scriitoare - două scriitoare.

A few exceptions:

With the definite article

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Singular

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singular indefinite singular definite
-ă changes to -a
studentă studenta
mașină mașina
-e + -a
lege_ legea
mare_ marea
-ie changes to -ia
femeie femeia
cheie cheia
-a, -ea, -i + -ua
pijama_ pijamaua
cafea_ cafeaua
zi_ ziua

Plural

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Forming the definite article for feminine nouns in the plural is very simple. Simply take the plural form of the noun and add -le

indefinite plural definite plural
femei_ femeile
zile_ zilele
chei_ cheile
mame_ mamele

Genitive/Dative case

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With the indefinite article

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Singular

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With the indefinite article in the singular, "o" changes to "unei," and the plural form of the noun is used.

indefinite nom/acc singular indefinite gen/dat singular
o femeie unei femei
o zi unei zile
o memorie unei memorii

Plural

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"Niște" (some) changes to "unor". The noun is still plural in form.

indefinite nom/acc plural indefinite gen/dat plural
niște memorii unor memorii
niște femei unor femei

With the definite article

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Singular

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indefinite nom/acc plural definite gen/dat singular
For most nouns, you simply add i to the indefinite nom/acc plural
legi_ legii
stele_ stelei
femei_ femeii
If the plural form of the noun ends in ii, the final i is replaced by ei. Basically, i is being added to the indefinite singular nom/acc form.
memorii memoriei
organizație_ organizației

Plural

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To form the genitive/dative plural of neuter nouns, simply add -lor to the plural form of the word.

definite nom/acc plural definite gen/dat plural
femei_ femeilor
stele_ stelelor
organizații_ organizațiilor
legi_ legilor

Examples

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singular plural
gender f indefinite article definite article indefinite article definite article
Nom/Acc o prietenă prietena niște prietene prietenele
Gen/Dat unei prietene prietenei unor prietene prietenelor

stea - star

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singular plural
gender f indefinite article definite article indefinite article definite article
Nom/Acc o stea steaua niște stele stelele
Gen/Dat unei stele stelei unor stele stelelor

memorie - memory

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singular plural
gender f indefinite article definite article indefinite article definite article
Nom/Acc o memorie memoria niște memorii memoriile
Gen/Dat unei memorii memoriei unor memorii memoriilor