Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tьstь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Unclear:

• From *tьt- +‎ *-tь and related to *tata (“dad”), *teta (“aunt”). Compare lt Lithuanian tėtė : tėtis (“dad”), tetà (“aunt”), Old Prussian thetis (“grandfather”), Saterland Frisian tate, Latin tata (“daddy”), Sanskrit तत (tatáḥ), also Swedish titta (“aunt, auntie”), Ancient Greek τέττα (tétta).
• From *tьs- +‎ *-tь, from Proto-Indo-European *teḱ-. Compare Ancient Greek τίκτω (tíktō, “to beget”), τέκνον (téknon, “child”), οἱ τοκεῖς pl (hoi tokeîs, “parents”) (= οἱ γονεῖς pl (hoi goneîs)), also Frankish *tichter, Old High German degan.

Old Prussian tisties (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) is related to or borrowed from Slavic.

Noun

*tьstь m

1. father-in-law (wife's father)

Declension

Declension of *tьstь (i-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tьstь	*tьsti	*tьstьje, *tьsťe*
genitive	*tьsti	*tьstьju, *tьsťu*	*tьstьjь, *tьsti*
dative	*tьsti	*tьstьma	*tьstьmъ
accusative	*tьstь	*tьsti	*tьsti
instrumental	*tьstьmь	*tьstьma	*tьstьmi
locative	*tьsti	*tьstьju, *tьsťu*	*tьstьxъ
vocative	*tьsti	*tьsti	*tьstьje, *tьsťe*

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

See also

Proto-Slavic family terms

*sěmьja, *rodina (“family”)	Male	Female
parent	*otъ, *otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata	*mati (“mother”) nursery: *mama
sibling	*bratrъ (“brother”)	*sestra (“sister”)
child	*synъ (“son”)	*dъťi (“daughter”)
grandparent	– (“grandfather”) nursery: *dědъ; *nana	*ova (“grandmother”) nursery: *baba; *nena
grandchild	*vъnukъ (“grandson”)	*vъnuka (“granddaughter”)
stepparent	*otьčimъ (“stepfather”)	*maťexa (“stepmother”)
stepchild	*pastorъkъ (“stepson”)	*pastorъka (“stepdaughter”)
father's sibling	*strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola	– (“paternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja
mother's sibling	*ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola	– (“maternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja
sibling's child	*netьjь (“nephew”)	*nestera (“niece”)
spouse	*mǫžь (“husband”)	*žena (“wife”)
parent of wife	*tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”)	*tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”)
parent of husband	*svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”)	*svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”)
sibling of wife	*šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”)	*svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”)
sibling of husband	*děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”)	*zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”)
spouse of child	*zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”)	*snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”)
spouse of husband's brother	–	*ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”)

Derived terms

• *tьšča

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: тьсть (tĭstĭ)
    • Belarusian: цесць (cjescʹ)
    • Russian: тесть (testʹ)
    • Ukrainian: тесть (testʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: тьсть (tĭstĭ)
    • Bulgarian: тъст (tǎst)
  • Macedonian: тест (test)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: та̏ст

    Latin script: tȁst

  • Slovene: tást, test
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: test
    • Czech: test
  • Old Polish: cieść
    • Polish: teść
  • Slovak: tesť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: ćest

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тесть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “тесть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 241
• Олег Трубачёв (1959) История славянских терминов родства‎^[1], Moscow, page 125