Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/at

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/āt and Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/at-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic edit

Alternative reconstructions edit

*hat

Noun edit

*at

horse

Declension edit

Declension of *at

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*at
Accusative	atnï, atïg ⁴⁾, *atnïg ¹⁾
Genitive	*atnïŋ
Dative	*atka
Locative	*atda
Ablative	*atdan
Allative	*atgaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*atïn
Equative ²⁾	*atča
Similative ²⁾	*atlayu
Comitative ²⁾	*atlïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants edit

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ут (ut)
Common Turkic: *at
- Arghu:
  - Khalaj: hat
- Proto-Oghuz: *at
  - Old Anatolian Turkish: آت (at)
    - Azerbaijani: at
    - Ottoman Turkish: آت (at)
      Gagauz: at
      
      Turkish: at
  - Salar: at
  - Turkmen: at
- Karluk:
  - Karakhanid: اَتْ (at)
    - Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (at)
      Chagatai: ات (at)
      Uzbek: ot
      
      Uyghur: ئات (at)
- Kipchak:
  - Kipchak: ات (at)
    - North Kipchak:
      Bashkir: ат (at)
      
      Tatar: ат (at)
    - West Kipchak:
      Crimean Tatar: at
      
      Kumyk: ат (at)
    - South Kipchak:
      Karakalpak: at
      
      Kazakh: ат (at)
      
      Nogai: ат (at)
    - East Kipchak:
      Kyrgyz: ат (at)
      
      Southern Altai: ат (at)
- Siberian:
  - Old Turkic: 𐱃 (t¹ /⁠at⁠/)
    - Old Kirghiz: 𐱄 (t¹ /⁠at⁠/)
      Shor: ат (at)
      
      Khakas: ат (at)
    - Old Uyghur: ʾʾt (at)
      Tofa: аът (aʺt)
      
      Tuvan: аът (àt)
      
      Western Yugur: a't
  - North Siberian:
    - Dolgan: ат (at)
    - Yakut: ат (at)

References edit

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ăt”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill