jṯj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /it͡ʃi/
  • Conventional anglicization: itji

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to take, to seize
2. (transitive) to overcome

Inflection

Conjugation of jṯj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: jṯ, geminated stem: jṯṯ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
jṯt, jṯj	jṯw, jṯ	jṯt, jṯwt, jṯyt	jṯ	jṯ, jṯy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
jṯ8, jṯṯ8	ḥr jṯt, ḥr jṯj	m jṯt, m jṯj	r jṯt, r jṯj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	jṯ.n	jṯw, jṯ, jṯy	consecutive	jṯ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	jṯt, jṯyt
perfective3	jṯ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	jṯ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	jṯ, jṯy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	jṯw, jṯ, jṯy	jṯw, jṯ, jṯy	potentialis1	jṯ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	jṯ, jṯy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	jṯ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	jṯw1, jṯy, jṯ	active + .tj1, .tw2	jṯ	jṯy, jṯ
imperfective	jṯṯ, jṯṯy, jṯṯw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	jṯṯ, jṯṯj6, jṯṯy6	jṯṯ, jṯṯw5
prospective	jṯw1, jṯy, jṯ, jṯtj7	—	jṯwtj1 4, jṯtj4, jṯt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jṯj  

jṯj	jtj	jtj	jṯj

Synonyms

• ꜣmm
• nḏrj
• ḫfꜥ

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 174, 235, 290, 457.
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 146