kalian
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From New Latin kalium + -ian.
Adjective edit
kalian (not comparable)
- (mineralogy) Containing potassium.
- Synonym: potassian
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
kalian (plural kalians)
- A hookah.
Anagrams edit
Esperanto edit
Adjective edit
kalian
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Clipping of sekalian, which derive from se- + kali + -an. Inherited from Malay kalian.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
kalian (second-person plural pronoun)
- you (plural)
Determiner edit
kalian
- your (plural)
Further reading edit
- “kalian” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Clipping of sekalian, equivalent to se- + kali + -an.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
kalian (Jawi spelling کالين)
- (informal) you (plural), you all, y'all
- Synonyms: awak semua, kamu semua, kau orang, hangpa, kome
- Kalian tengah buat apa sekarang?
- What are you guys doing right now?
Usage notes edit
- kalian as a pronoun is very rarely used in Malaysian Malay in favour of other pronouns such as awak semua, kamu semua, kau orang, and their many dialectal variations such as hangpa in Kedah Malay and kome in Perak Malay.
See also edit
Malay personal pronouns
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | standard | saya / ساي aku/ku- / اکو / كو- (informal/towards God) -ku / -كو (informal possessive) hamba / همبا (dated) |
kami / کامي (exclusive) kita orang / كيت اورڠ (informal exclusive) kita / کيت (inclusive) |
| royal | beta / بيتا | ||
| 2nd person | standard | kamu / کامو anda / اندا (formal) | |
| engkau/kau- / اڠکاو/ كاو- (informal/towards God) awak / اوق (friendly/older towards younger) -mu / -مو (possessive) |
awak semua / اوق سموا kamu semua / كامو سموا kalian / کالين (informal) kau orang / كاو اورڠ (informal) | ||
| royal | tuanku / توانكو | ||
| 3rd person | standard | dia / دي ia / اي beliau / بلياو (honorific) -nya / -ڽ (possessive) |
mereka / مريک dia orang / دي اورڠ (informal) |
| royal | baginda / بݢيندا | ||
Determiner edit
kalian (Jawi spelling کالين)
- all
- kalian murid / murid kalian ― all students
- kalian pemain / pemain kalian ― all players
Further reading edit
- “kalian” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.