languir
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old French languir, from Late Latin languīre, from Latin languēre.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
languir
- (intransitive) to languish
- (intransitive) to lie torpid
- (intransitive) to flag, die down, slack off, be slack
- (intransitive) to wither, weaken
- (reflexive, with de) to long, pine, or yearn (for)
Conjugation edit
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of languir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | languir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | languissant /lɑ̃.ɡi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | langui /lɑ̃.ɡi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | languis /lɑ̃.ɡi/ |
languis /lɑ̃.ɡi/ |
languit /lɑ̃.ɡi/ |
languissons /lɑ̃.ɡi.sɔ̃/ |
languissez /lɑ̃.ɡi.se/ |
languissent /lɑ̃.ɡis/ |
| imperfect | languissais /lɑ̃.ɡi.sɛ/ |
languissais /lɑ̃.ɡi.sɛ/ |
languissait /lɑ̃.ɡi.sɛ/ |
languissions /lɑ̃.ɡi.sjɔ̃/ |
languissiez /lɑ̃.ɡi.sje/ |
languissaient /lɑ̃.ɡi.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | languis /lɑ̃.ɡi/ |
languis /lɑ̃.ɡi/ |
languit /lɑ̃.ɡi/ |
languîmes /lɑ̃.ɡim/ |
languîtes /lɑ̃.ɡit/ |
languirent /lɑ̃.ɡiʁ/ | |
| future | languirai /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁe/ |
languiras /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁa/ |
languira /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁa/ |
languirons /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɔ̃/ |
languirez /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁe/ |
languiront /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | languirais /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɛ/ |
languirais /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɛ/ |
languirait /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɛ/ |
languirions /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
languiriez /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁje/ |
languiraient /lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | languisse /lɑ̃.ɡis/ |
languisses /lɑ̃.ɡis/ |
languisse /lɑ̃.ɡis/ |
languissions /lɑ̃.ɡi.sjɔ̃/ |
languissiez /lɑ̃.ɡi.sje/ |
languissent /lɑ̃.ɡis/ |
| imperfect2 | languisse /lɑ̃.ɡis/ |
languisses /lɑ̃.ɡis/ |
languît /lɑ̃.ɡi/ |
languissions /lɑ̃.ɡi.sjɔ̃/ |
languissiez /lɑ̃.ɡi.sje/ |
languissent /lɑ̃.ɡis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | languis /lɑ̃.ɡi/ |
— | languissons /lɑ̃.ɡi.sɔ̃/ |
languissez /lɑ̃.ɡi.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading edit
- “languir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French edit
Etymology edit
From Late Latin languīre, from Latin languēre.
Verb edit
languir
- to suffer a long, distressing illness
Conjugation edit
This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of languir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | languir | avoir langui | |||||
| gerund | en languissant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | languissant | ||||||
| past participle | langui | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | languis | languis | languist | languissons | languissez | languissent |
| imperfect | languissoie, languisseie | languissoies, languisseies | languissoit, languisseit | languissiiens, languissiens | languissiiez, languissiez | languissoient, languisseient | |
| preterite | langui | languis | langui | languimes | languistes | languirent | |
| future | languirai | languiras | languira | languirons | languiroiz, languireiz, languirez | languiront | |
| conditional | languiroie, languireie | languiroies, languireies | languiroit, languireit | languiriiens, languiriens | languiriiez, languiriez | languiroient, languireient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | languisse | languisses | languisse | languissons | languissez | languissent |
| imperfect | languisse | languisses | languist | languissons, languissiens | languissoiz, languissez, languissiez | languissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | languis | — | languissons | languissez | — | ||
Descendants edit
- French: languir
- → Middle English: languysshen
- English: languish
References edit
- languir on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub