până
Romanian
editAlternative forms
edit- pînă — superseded
- пынэ (pînă) — post-1930s Cyrillic spelling
Etymology
editInherited from Latin paene ad (“almost to”). Compare Aromanian pãnã.
Pronunciation
editAdverb
editpână
- Optionally preceding și (“even”, adverb) for emphasis or clarification.
Conjunction
editpână
Usage notes
editThe conjunction până may connect to the next sentence alone or succeeded by când or ce; use with când is appropriate for any register, use without any other conjunction fits any register other than formal written language, and use with ce is uncommon and appropriate for the informal or literary register.
Preposition
editpână
- (spatial or temporal) until, till, up to
- (by extension, informal) over to
- Merg până în bucătărie, vrea cineva ceva?
- I’m going over to the kitchen, does anybody want anything?
Usage notes
editIf governing a noun, până must first be followed by another spatial preposition. The default second preposition to use is la, which is also appropriate for nouns without spatial significance: până la golire (“until emptying”).
If până is used with an adverb (such as mâine (“tomorrow”), târziu (“late”) or jos (“down”)), or with a noun that can be used without a proposition as a temporal adverb, such as iarna (“(in) winter”) or anul trecut (“last year”), no preposition is necessary.
Derived terms
edit- de unde până unde
- până în gât
- până în pânzele albe
- până la unul
- până la urmă
- până peste cap
- până una alta
References
edit- până in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
- Romanian terms inherited from Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Romanian/ɨnə
- Rhymes:Romanian/ɨnə/2 syllables
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian adverbs
- Romanian conjunctions
- Romanian prepositions
- Romanian informal terms
- Romanian terms with usage examples