rūgtums
Latvian edit
Etymology edit
From rūgts (“bitter”) + -ums.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rūgtums m (1st declension)
- bitterness (the quality of that which is, tastes, smells bitter)
- otrā rītā mutē gruzdēja iepriekšējā vakarā izdzertās kafijas rūgtums ― the next morning the bitterness of the coffee drunk the previous night was smoldering in the mouth
- vislabāk pīlādžus novākt pēc pirmajām rudens salnām, kad augļiem rūgtums' samazinājies — it is better to gather rowans after the first autumn frosts, when the bitterness of the fruits decreases
- savāds rūgtums kāpa meitenei kaklā ― a strange bitterness rose in the girl's throat (e.g., from disgust)
- ievas vīta, piepildīdamas mazo telpu ar reibinošu rūgtumu ― the bird-cherry trees twisted, filling the small space with an intoxicating bitterness (= bitter smell)
- (figuratively) bitterness (feeling caused by the memory of painful experiences, suffering, hardship)
- neveiksmju rūgtums ― the bitterness of failure
- pārmetumu rūgtums ― the bitterness of reprimands, accusations
- rūgtuma pilni vārdi ― words full of bitterness
- balsī skan rūgtums ― bitterness sounded in (his) voice
- viss rūgtums, apsmiekls un sāpes, ko es šodien biju pārdzīvojis, sakāpa manā mazajā galvā un kļuva par apziņu, ka es mazo baronu acīs neesmu nekas vairāk kā suns ― all the bitterness, mockery and pain that I experienced today came into my little head and became the realization that in the small barons' eyes I am nothing more than a dog
- viņa bija izgājusi cauri visām pārdzīvojumu ellēm... šajās acīs un lūpu kaktiņos brīžiem pavīdēja rūgtums kā smaga ēna ― she had gone through all hells of experiences (= she had experienced all hell)... in those (= her) eyes and lip corners at times the bitterness appeared for a moment like a heavy shadow
Declension edit
Declension of rūgtums (1st declension)
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | rūgtums | — |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | rūgtumu | — |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | rūgtuma | — |
| dative (datīvs) | rūgtumam | — |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | rūgtumu | — |
| locative (lokatīvs) | rūgtumā | — |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | rūgtum | — |