rhaid
Welsh edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Welsh reit, from Proto-Brythonic *rrėd, possibly from Latin ratiō (“reason; manner”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
- (North Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA(key): /r̥ai̯d/
- (North Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /hai̯d/
- (South Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA(key): /r̥ai̯d/
- (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /rai̯d/
- Rhymes: -ai̯d
Noun edit
rhaid m (plural rheidiau)
- necessity, need
- translates English constructions with must, have to (see usage notes)
- [Mae] rhaid i ni fod yn ofalus.
- We must be careful.
- (literally, “[There is] need for us to be careful.”)
- Oedd rhaid i chi wneud hynny?
- Did you have to do that?
- (literally, “Was there need for you to do that?”)
- Rhaid bod e wedi gadael dros nos.
- He must have left overnight.
- (literally, “There is need that he has left overnight.”)
Usage notes edit
The English verb “must”/“have to” is often translated as bod rhaid i (which construction is synonymous with the verbal noun gorfod). When the form of bod is mae it is generally omitted in informal use.
Note the two ways of negating:
- Does dim rhaid iddi hi ddod.
- She doesn't have to come.
- (literally, “There is no need for her to come.”)
- Rhaid iddi hi beidio â dod.
- She must not come.
- (literally, “There is need for her to not come.”)
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
rhaid | raid | unchanged | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |