Etymology 1
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From Middle Irish toirmiscid, from Old Irish do·airmesca (“hinders, obstructs, restrains, checks, forbids”, verb).
toirmisc (present analytic toirmisceann, future analytic toirmiscfidh, verbal noun toirmeasc, past participle toirmiscthe)
- (transitive, intransitive) prohibit, forbid; prevent, hinder
Conjugation
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singular
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plural
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relative
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autonomous
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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indicative
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present
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toirmiscim
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toirmisceann tú; toirmiscir†
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toirmisceann sé, sí
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toirmiscimid
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toirmisceann sibh
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toirmisceann siad; toirmiscid†
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a thoirmisceann; a thoirmisceas / a dtoirmisceann*; a dtoirmisceas*
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toirmisctear
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past
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thoirmisc mé; thoirmisceas
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thoirmisc tú; thoirmiscis
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thoirmisc sé, sí
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thoirmisceamar; thoirmisc muid
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thoirmisc sibh; thoirmisceabhair
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thoirmisc siad; thoirmisceadar
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a thoirmisc / ar thoirmisc*
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toirmisceadh
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past habitual
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thoirmiscinn / dtoirmiscinn‡‡
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thoirmiscteá / dtoirmiscteᇇ
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thoirmisceadh sé, sí / dtoirmisceadh sé, s퇇
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thoirmiscimis; thoirmisceadh muid / dtoirmiscimis‡‡; dtoirmisceadh muid‡‡
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thoirmisceadh sibh / dtoirmisceadh sibh‡‡
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thoirmiscidís; thoirmisceadh siad / dtoirmiscidís‡‡; dtoirmisceadh siad‡‡
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a thoirmisceadh / a dtoirmisceadh*
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thoirmisctí / dtoirmisct퇇
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future
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toirmiscfidh mé; toirmiscfead
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toirmiscfidh tú; toirmiscfir†
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toirmiscfidh sé, sí
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toirmiscfimid; toirmiscfidh muid
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toirmiscfidh sibh
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toirmiscfidh siad; toirmiscfid†
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a thoirmiscfidh; a thoirmiscfeas / a dtoirmiscfidh*; a dtoirmiscfeas*
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toirmiscfear
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conditional
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thoirmiscfinn / dtoirmiscfinn‡‡
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thoirmiscfeá / dtoirmiscfeᇇ
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thoirmiscfeadh sé, sí / dtoirmiscfeadh sé, s퇇
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thoirmiscfimis; thoirmiscfeadh muid / dtoirmiscfimis‡‡; dtoirmiscfeadh muid‡‡
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thoirmiscfeadh sibh / dtoirmiscfeadh sibh‡‡
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thoirmiscfidís; thoirmiscfeadh siad / dtoirmiscfidís‡‡; dtoirmiscfeadh siad‡‡
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a thoirmiscfeadh / a dtoirmiscfeadh*
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thoirmiscfí / dtoirmiscf퇇
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subjunctive
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present
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go dtoirmisce mé; go dtoirmiscead†
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go dtoirmisce tú; go dtoirmiscir†
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go dtoirmisce sé, sí
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go dtoirmiscimid; go dtoirmisce muid
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go dtoirmisce sibh
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go dtoirmisce siad; go dtoirmiscid†
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—
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go dtoirmisctear
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past
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dá dtoirmiscinn
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dá dtoirmiscteá
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dá dtoirmisceadh sé, sí
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dá dtoirmiscimis; dá dtoirmisceadh muid
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dá dtoirmisceadh sibh
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dá dtoirmiscidís; dá dtoirmisceadh siad
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—
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dá dtoirmisctí
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imperative
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toirmiscim
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toirmisc
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toirmisceadh sé, sí
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toirmiscimis
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toirmiscigí; toirmiscidh†
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toirmiscidís
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—
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toirmisctear
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verbal noun
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toirmeasc
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past participle
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toirmiscthe
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* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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- toirmeascaí m (“prohibitor; hinderer, obstructor; mischief-maker”)
Etymology 2
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Adjective
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toirmisc
- proscriptive
toirmisc m
- inflection of toirmeasc (“prohibition; prevention, hindrance; mischief, dissension; mishap, misfortune”):
- vocative/genitive singular
- nominative/dative plural
Mutation
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Irish mutation
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Radical
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Lenition
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Eclipsis
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toirmisc
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thoirmisc
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dtoirmisc
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Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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Further reading
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- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “toirmisc”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “toirmiscid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “do·airmesca”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Entries containing “toirmisc” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “toirmisc” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.