tyfu
Welsh edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Brythonic *tüβ̃id, from Proto-Celtic *tumīti, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tum-.
Pronunciation edit
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈtəvɨ̞/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈtəvi/
- Rhymes: -əvɨ̞
Verb edit
tyfu (first-person singular present tyfaf)
- (intransitive) to grow (become bigger in size)
- (transitive) to grow, to cultivate
- (intransitive) to grow, to increase, to rise
- Synonym: cynyddu
Conjugation edit
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | tyfaf | tyfi | tyf, tyfa | tyfwn | tyfwch | tyfant | tyfir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
tyfwn | tyfit | tyfai | tyfem | tyfech | tyfent | tyfid | |
| preterite | tyfais | tyfaist | tyfodd | tyfasom | tyfasoch | tyfasant | tyfwyd | |
| pluperfect | tyfaswn | tyfasit | tyfasai | tyfasem | tyfasech | tyfasent | tyfasid, tyfesid | |
| present subjunctive | tyfwyf | tyfych | tyfo | tyfom | tyfoch | tyfont | tyfer | |
| imperative | — | tyf, tyfa | tyfed | tyfwn | tyfwch | tyfent | tyfer | |
| verbal noun | tyfu | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | tyfadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | tyfa i, tyfaf i | tyfi di | tyfith o/e/hi, tyfiff e/hi | tyfwn ni | tyfwch chi | tyfan nhw |
| conditional | tyfwn i, tyfswn i | tyfet ti, tyfset ti | tyfai fo/fe/hi, tyfsai fo/fe/hi | tyfen ni, tyfsen ni | tyfech chi, tyfsech chi | tyfen nhw, tyfsen nhw |
| preterite | tyfais i, tyfes i | tyfaist ti, tyfest ti | tyfodd o/e/hi | tyfon ni | tyfoch chi | tyfon nhw |
| imperative | — | tyfa | — | — | tyfwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
- twf (“growth”)
Mutation edit
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| tyfu | dyfu | nhyfu | thyfu |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
References edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tyfu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies