vonat
Hungarian
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editvon (“to draw, pull”) + -at (noun-forming suffix). Compare the development of English train.
Noun
editvonat (plural vonatok)
- train (line of connected cars or carriages)
- 1933, Attila József, Óda, (Ode),[1] poem:
- Visz a vonat, megyek utánad, / talán ma még meg is talállak
- (literally) I am carried by the train, I am on my way to you, / perhaps I’ll even find you today
(by Péter Zollman) I’m on the train, I follow your way, / perhaps I’ll catch you up today,
- (literally) I am carried by the train, I am on my way to you, / perhaps I’ll even find you today
Declension
editInflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vonat | vonatok |
accusative | vonatot | vonatokat |
dative | vonatnak | vonatoknak |
instrumental | vonattal | vonatokkal |
causal-final | vonatért | vonatokért |
translative | vonattá | vonatokká |
terminative | vonatig | vonatokig |
essive-formal | vonatként | vonatokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | vonatban | vonatokban |
superessive | vonaton | vonatokon |
adessive | vonatnál | vonatoknál |
illative | vonatba | vonatokba |
sublative | vonatra | vonatokra |
allative | vonathoz | vonatokhoz |
elative | vonatból | vonatokból |
delative | vonatról | vonatokról |
ablative | vonattól | vonatoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
vonaté | vonatoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
vonatéi | vonatokéi |
Possessive forms of vonat | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | vonatom | vonataim |
2nd person sing. | vonatod | vonataid |
3rd person sing. | vonata | vonatai |
1st person plural | vonatunk | vonataink |
2nd person plural | vonatotok | vonataitok |
3rd person plural | vonatuk | vonataik |
Derived terms
editCompound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
Related terms
editNouns derived from prefixed forms of the verb von, with the same suffix
See also
editEtymology 2
editvon (“to draw, pull”) + -at (causative suffix)
Verb
editvonat
- (transitive) causative of von: to have someone draw/pull something or to have something drawn/pulled
Conjugation
editconjugation of vonat
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | vonatok | vonatsz | vonat | vonatunk | vonattok | vonatnak | |
Def. | vonatom | vonatod | vonatja | vonatjuk | vonatjátok | vonatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | vonattam | vonattál | vonatott | vonattunk | vonattatok | vonattak | ||
Def. | vonattam | vonattad | vonatta | vonattuk | vonattátok | vonatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonattalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. vonatni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | vonaték | vonatál | vonata | vonatánk | vonatátok | vonatának | ||
Def. | vonatám | vonatád | vonatá | vonatánk | vonatátok | vonaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. vonat vala, vonatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | vonatandok | vonatandasz | vonatand | vonatandunk | vonatandotok | vonatandanak | ||
Def. | vonatandom | vonatandod | vonatandja | vonatandjuk | vonatandjátok | vonatandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonatandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | vonatnék | vonatnál | vonatna | vonatnánk | vonatnátok | vonatnának | |
Def. | vonatnám | vonatnád | vonatná | vonatnánk (or vonatnók) |
vonatnátok | vonatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. vonatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | vonassak | vonass or vonassál |
vonasson | vonassunk | vonassatok | vonassanak | |
Def. | vonassam | vonasd or vonassad |
vonassa | vonassuk | vonassátok | vonassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. vonatott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | vonatni | vonatnom | vonatnod | vonatnia | vonatnunk | vonatnotok | vonatniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
vonatás | vonató | vonatott | vonatandó | vonatva (vonatván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of vonat
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | vonathatok | vonathatsz | vonathat | vonathatunk | vonathattok | vonathatnak | |
Def. | vonathatom | vonathatod | vonathatja | vonathatjuk | vonathatjátok | vonathatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | vonathattam | vonathattál | vonathatott | vonathattunk | vonathattatok | vonathattak | ||
Def. | vonathattam | vonathattad | vonathatta | vonathattuk | vonathattátok | vonathatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | vonathaték | vonathatál | vonathata | vonathatánk | vonathatátok | vonathatának | ||
Def. | vonathatám | vonathatád | vonathatá | vonathatánk | vonathatátok | vonathaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. vonathat vala, vonathatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | vonathatandok or vonatandhatok |
vonathatandasz or vonatandhatsz |
vonathatand or vonatandhat |
vonathatandunk or vonatandhatunk |
vonathatandotok or vonatandhattok |
vonathatandanak or vonatandhatnak | ||
Def. | vonathatandom or vonatandhatom |
vonathatandod or vonatandhatod |
vonathatandja or vonatandhatja |
vonathatandjuk or vonatandhatjuk |
vonathatandjátok or vonatandhatjátok |
vonathatandják or vonatandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathatandalak or vonatandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | vonathatnék | vonathatnál | vonathatna | vonathatnánk | vonathatnátok | vonathatnának | |
Def. | vonathatnám | vonathatnád | vonathatná | vonathatnánk (or vonathatnók) |
vonathatnátok | vonathatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. vonathatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | vonathassak | vonathass or vonathassál |
vonathasson | vonathassunk | vonathassatok | vonathassanak | |
Def. | vonathassam | vonathasd or vonathassad |
vonathassa | vonathassuk | vonathassátok | vonathassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | vonathassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. vonathatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (vonathatni) | (vonathatnom) | (vonathatnod) | (vonathatnia) | (vonathatnunk) | (vonathatnotok) | (vonathatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | vonatható | Neg. adj. | vonathatatlan | Adv. part. | (vonathatva / vonathatván) | ||||
Derived terms
edit(With verbal prefixes):
Further reading
edit- (train): vonat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (causative of von): vonat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒt
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- Hungarian nouns suffixed with -at
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