Wiktionary

禮

See also: 礼
禮 U+79AE, 禮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79AE
← 禭
[U+79AD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 禯 →
[U+79AF]
禮 U+F9B6, 禮
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9B6
← 例
[U+F9B5] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 醴 →
[U+F9B7]

Translingual

edit
Traditional 禮
Simplified 礼
Japanese 礼
Korean 禮

Alternative forms

edit

In Traditional Chinese, the component on the left of U+79AE is 礻. In Korean hanja and Japanese kyūjitai, the component on the left of U+79AE is 示 rather than 礻, which is also the historical form that appears in the Kangxi dictionary. A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+F9B6 to reflect the form found in the Kangxi dictionary.

Han character

edit

禮 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 戈火廿田廿 (IFTWT), four-corner 35218, composition ⿰礻豊(GHTV) or ⿰示豊(JK or U+F9B6))

Derived characters

edit
edit

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 847, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24844
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1268, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2409, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+79AE

Chinese

edit
trad. 禮
simp. 礼
alternative forms
 
豊
礼
𠃞
𤔑
𥜨
豊
礼
𠃞
𤔑
𥜨
𥜪
𫌓
𢢪
𥘆
𰳰
𮕤
𥝏

Glyph origin

edit
Characters in the same phonetic series (豊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
體 *r̥ʰiːʔ
軆 *r̥ʰiːʔ
禮 *riːʔ
澧 *riːʔ
醴 *riːʔ
豊 *riːʔ
鱧 *riːʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *riːʔ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 礻 (“altar”) + phonetic 豊 (OC *riːʔ, “ceremony”) – performing rites at the altar.

Originally written 豊, see there for more.

Etymology

edit

Uncertain. Schuessler (2007) proposes that this is an old areal etymon. Compare Tibetan ཞེ་ས (zhe sa, “respect, honor, deference”), རྗེ་བོ (rje bo, “lord, nobleman”), རྗེད (rjed, “to honor; reverence”); Mru [script needed] (ri, “ritual”) is possibly borrowed from Austroasiatic (cf. Mon [script needed] (rèh seh, “to respect, to revere”); Thin Khmu [script needed] (rɛh, “to lift up”); both from Proto-Mon-Khmer *reh (“to raise up, to exalt”)).

Pronunciation

edit
Note:
  • lài - vernacular;
  • lǐ - literary.
Note:
  • loi2 - vernacular;
  • li2 - literary.
Rime
Character 禮
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 盧啓切
Baxter lejX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/leiX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/leiX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɛiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lɛjX/
Li
Rong 		/leiX/
Wang
Li 		/lieiX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/lieiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lai5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 禮
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ lejX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[r]ˁijʔ/
English propriety, ceremony

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 禮
Reading # 1/1
No. 7839
Phonetic
component 		豊
Rime
group 		脂
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		禮
Old
Chinese 		/*riːʔ/

Definitions

edit

禮

  1. ritual; rite; ceremony
    婚禮／婚礼  ―  hūnlǐ  ―  wedding
    喪禮／丧礼  ―  sānglǐ  ―  funeral
  2. rules of etiquette; rules of propriety
  3. courtesy; etiquette; manners
    敬禮／敬礼  ―  jìnglǐ  ―  to salute
    禮多人不怪／礼多人不怪  ―  lǐduōrénbùguài  ―  nobody will find fault with extra courtesy
  4. present; gift (Classifier: 份 m c)
    禮物／礼物  ―  lǐwù  ―  gift
  5. to treat with respect and courtesy
    敬賢禮士／敬贤礼士  ―  jìngxiánlǐshì  ―  to treat worthies and intellectuals respectfully and courteously
  6. 48th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "ritual" (𝌵)
  7. a surname

Usage notes

edit

Usually, a single 禮／礼 (lǐ) refers to a gift that involves more serious social interaction. For gifts between friends, 禮物／礼物 (lǐwù) is used instead.

Compounds

edit

References

edit

Japanese

edit

Shinjitai

礼

Kyūjitai

禮

Kanji

edit
禮

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 礼)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 礼 (“propriety; courtesy; politeness; etiquette”)

Readings

edit

Korean

edit

Etymology

edit

From Middle Chinese 禮 (MC lejX).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

edit

Hanja

edit
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

禮 (eumhun 례도/예도 례 (ryedo/yedo rye), word-initial (South Korea) 례도/예도 예 (ryedo/yedo ye))

  1. Hanja form? of 례/예 (“manners; etiquette”).

Compounds

edit
Compounds

References

edit
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

edit
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
禮

Han character

edit

禮: Hán Việt readings: lễ (里(lí)弟(đệ)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
禮: Nôm readings: lễ[1][2][4], lạy[3][5], lẻ[1][3][5][4], lẫy[2][3][5][4], rẽ[2][3], rẩy[2][5], lẩy[3][5], lãi[3][4], lể[5][4], lởi[3], lỡi[3], lấy[3], lảy[4], rẻ[4]

  1. chữ Hán form of lễ (“ritual; etiquette; to kowtow; an offering; ceremony”).
  2. Nôm form of lạy (“to kowtow”).
  3. Nôm form of lẻ (“odd (not divisible by two)”).

References

edit
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Hồ (1976).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=禮&oldid=80118961"