þeowian
Old English
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Germanic *þewāną (“to enslave”). Cognate with Old Norse þjá (“to enslave”), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌸𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (anaþiwan, “to subjugate, make subservient”).
Verb
editþēowian
- to serve (as a servant, slave, or devotee)
- fram ċildhāde Gode þēowian
- to serve God since childhood
- to enslave, reduce to servants
Usage notes
edit- In the senses of serving another person, the person being served is placed in the dative case.
- hlāforde þēowian ― to serve a lord (hlāford is declined in its dative form hlāforde)
Conjugation
editConjugation of þēowian (weak class 2)
infinitive | þēowian | þēowienne |
---|---|---|
indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
first person singular | þēowiġe | þēowode |
second person singular | þēowast | þēowodest |
third person singular | þēowaþ | þēowode |
plural | þēowiaþ | þēowodon |
subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
singular | þēowiġe | þēowode |
plural | þēowiġen | þēowoden |
imperative | ||
singular | þēowa | |
plural | þēowiaþ | |
participle | present | past |
þēowiende | (ġe)þēowod |
Etymology 2
editSee þēowan (“to press”).
Alternative forms
editVerb
editþēowian
- Synonym of þēowan (“to press”)
Conjugation
editConjugation of þēowian (weak class 2)
infinitive | þēowian | þēowienne |
---|---|---|
indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
first person singular | þēowiġe | þēowode |
second person singular | þēowast | þēowodest |
third person singular | þēowaþ | þēowode |
plural | þēowiaþ | þēowodon |
subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
singular | þēowiġe | þēowode |
plural | þēowiġen | þēowoden |
imperative | ||
singular | þēowa | |
plural | þēowiaþ | |
participle | present | past |
þēowiende | (ġe)þēowod |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “þēowian”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary[1], 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.