αὖλαξ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ἄλοξ (álox), ὦλαξ (ôlax) (Doric)

Etymology

The word has been compared with Lithuanian vilkti (“to drag, haul”) and Proto-Slavic *velťi (“to draw”). Beekes claims that the variants point to a Pre-Greek origin, in particular a form *alʷ-ak-.^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /âu̯.laks/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈaw.laks/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.βlaks/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.vlaks/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.vlaks/

Noun

αὖλᾰξ • (aûlax) f (genitive αὔλᾰκος); third declension

furrow

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ αὖλᾰξ; τῆς αὔλᾰκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ αὖλᾰξ hē aûlax	τὼ αὔλᾰκε tṑ aúlake	αἱ αὔλᾰκες hai aúlakes
Genitive	τῆς αὔλᾰκος tês aúlakos	τοῖν αὐλᾰ́κοιν toîn aulákoin	τῶν αὐλᾰ́κων tôn aulákōn
Dative	τῇ αὔλᾰκῐ têi aúlaki	τοῖν αὐλᾰ́κοιν toîn aulákoin	ταῖς αὔλᾰξῐ / αὔλᾰξῐν taîs aúlaxi(n)
Accusative	τὴν αὔλᾰκᾰ tḕn aúlaka	τὼ αὔλᾰκε tṑ aúlake	τᾱ̀ς αὔλᾰκᾰς tā̀s aúlakas
Vocative	αὖλᾰξ aûlax	αὔλᾰκε aúlake	αὔλᾰκες aúlakes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

αὐλακεργάτης (aulakergátēs)
αὐλακίζω (aulakízō)
αὐλακισμός (aulakismós)
αὐλακοειδής (aulakoeidḗs)
αὐλακόεις (aulakóeis)
αὐλακοτομέω (aulakotoméō)
αὐλακώδης (aulakṓdēs)

Descendants

⇒ Greek: αύλακα (ávlaka), αυλάκι (avláki) (from a Koine diminutive αὐλάκιον (aulákion))
→ Latin: aulax

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄλοξ, -κος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 73–74
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014) Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 6