κραδάω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain. It is probable that this verb is a denominative, so an original meaning "swinging" may be assumed for κράδη (krádē). This fits well with the meanings "crown of a tree" and "suspension-machine". Alternatively, this verb could be a zero grade iterative, derived from a lost primary verb, with κράδη (krádē) as back-formation. The word κόρδαξ (kórdax, “kind of dance”) is unrelated. The connection with Latin cardō (“hinge”) remains hypothetical.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kra.dá.ɔː/ → /kraˈða.o/ → /kraˈða.o/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kra.dá.ɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kraˈda.o/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kraˈða.o/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kraˈða.o/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kraˈða.o/

Verb

κρᾰδᾰ́ω • (kradáō)

1. to swing, shake, quiver
2. (of trees) to suffer from blight

Conjugation

   Present: κρᾰδᾰ́ω, κρᾰδᾰ́ομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κρᾰδᾰ́ω	κρᾰδᾰ́εις	κρᾰδᾰ́ει	κρᾰδᾰ́ετον	κρᾰδᾰ́ετον	κρᾰδᾰ́ομεν	κρᾰδᾰ́ετε	κρᾰδᾰ́ουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	κρᾰδᾰ́ω	κρᾰδᾰ́ῃς	κρᾰδᾰ́ῃ	κρᾰδᾰ́ητον	κρᾰδᾰ́ητον	κρᾰδᾰ́ωμεν	κρᾰδᾰ́ητε	κρᾰδᾰ́ωσῐ(ν)
	optative	κρᾰδᾰ́οιμῐ	κρᾰδᾰ́οις	κρᾰδᾰ́οι	κρᾰδᾰ́οιτον	κρᾰδᾰοίτην	κρᾰδᾰ́οιμεν	κρᾰδᾰ́οιτε	κρᾰδᾰ́οιεν
	imperative		κρᾰ́δᾰε	κρᾰδᾰέτω	κρᾰδᾰ́ετον	κρᾰδᾰέτων		κρᾰδᾰ́ετε	κρᾰδᾰόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	κρᾰδᾰ́ομαι	κρᾰδᾰ́ῃ, κρᾰδᾰ́ει	κρᾰδᾰ́εται	κρᾰδᾰ́εσθον	κρᾰδᾰ́εσθον	κρᾰδᾰόμεθᾰ	κρᾰδᾰ́εσθε	κρᾰδᾰ́ονται
	subjunctive	κρᾰδᾰ́ωμαι	κρᾰδᾰ́ῃ	κρᾰδᾰ́ηται	κρᾰδᾰ́ησθον	κρᾰδᾰ́ησθον	κρᾰδᾰώμεθᾰ	κρᾰδᾰ́ησθε	κρᾰδᾰ́ωνται
	optative	κρᾰδᾰοίμην	κρᾰδᾰ́οιο	κρᾰδᾰ́οιτο	κρᾰδᾰ́οισθον	κρᾰδᾰοίσθην	κρᾰδᾰοίμεθᾰ	κρᾰδᾰ́οισθε	κρᾰδᾰ́οιντο
	imperative		κρᾰδᾰ́ου	κρᾰδᾰέσθω	κρᾰδᾰ́εσθον	κρᾰδᾰέσθων		κρᾰδᾰ́εσθε	κρᾰδᾰέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		κρᾰδᾰ́ειν				κρᾰδᾰ́εσθαι
participle	m	κρᾰδᾰ́ων				κρᾰδᾰόμενος
	f	κρᾰδᾰ́ουσᾰ				κρᾰδᾰομένη
	n	κρᾰδᾰ́ον				κρᾰδᾰόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Present: κρᾰδῶ, κρᾰδῶμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κρᾰδῶ	κρᾰδᾷς	κρᾰδᾷ	κρᾰδᾶτον	κρᾰδᾶτον	κρᾰδῶμεν	κρᾰδᾶτε	κρᾰδῶσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	κρᾰδῶ	κρᾰδᾷς	κρᾰδᾷ	κρᾰδᾶτον	κρᾰδᾶτον	κρᾰδῶμεν	κρᾰδᾶτε	κρᾰδῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	κρᾰδῴην, κρᾰδῷμῐ	κρᾰδῴης, κρᾰδῷς	κρᾰδῴη, κρᾰδῷ	κρᾰδῷτον, κρᾰδῴητον	κρᾰδῴτην, κρᾰδῳήτην	κρᾰδῷμεν, κρᾰδῴημεν	κρᾰδῷτε, κρᾰδῴητε	κρᾰδῷεν, κρᾰδῴησᾰν
	imperative		κρᾰ́δᾱ	κρᾰδᾱ́τω	κρᾰδᾶτον	κρᾰδᾱ́των		κρᾰδᾶτε	κρᾰδώντων
middle/ passive	indicative	κρᾰδῶμαι	κρᾰδᾷ	κρᾰδᾶται	κρᾰδᾶσθον	κρᾰδᾶσθον	κρᾰδώμεθᾰ	κρᾰδᾶσθε	κρᾰδῶνται
	subjunctive	κρᾰδῶμαι	κρᾰδᾷ	κρᾰδᾶται	κρᾰδᾶσθον	κρᾰδᾶσθον	κρᾰδώμεθᾰ	κρᾰδᾶσθε	κρᾰδῶνται
	optative	κρᾰδῴμην	κρᾰδῷο	κρᾰδῷτο	κρᾰδῷσθον	κρᾰδῴσθην	κρᾰδῴμεθᾰ	κρᾰδῷσθε	κρᾰδῷντο
	imperative		κρᾰδῶ	κρᾰδᾱ́σθω	κρᾰδᾶσθον	κρᾰδᾱ́σθων		κρᾰδᾶσθε	κρᾰδᾱ́σθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		κρᾰδᾶν				κρᾰδᾶσθαι
participle	m	κρᾰδῶν				κρᾰδώμενος
	f	κρᾰδῶσᾰ				κρᾰδωμένη
	n	κρᾰδῶν				κρᾰδώμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Further reading

• “κραδάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κραδάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κραδάω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κραδάω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• κραδάω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κραδάω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 767