μάρπτω
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editA word without outer-Greek cognates. Within Greek, a connection may be drawn with some glosses found in Hesychius:
- βράψαι (brápsai, “to gather, spens; consume, hide, hunt”)
- βράπτειν (bráptein, “to eat, hide, make disappear, remove”)
- (with a different auslauting velar) βρακεῖν (brakeîn, “to understand, grasp”) and βράξαι (bráxai, “to drink, bite, gather”).
The latter have been compared with Sanskrit मृशति (mṛśati, “to touch, handle”). However, the variation κ/π cannot be explained in Indo-European terms. Rather, the variants point to Pre-Greek origin.
Alternatively, Nikolaev rejects a pre-Greek etymology and instead reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *merkʷ-, to which he also assigns Latin merx (“goods, merchandise”) (with delabialization before s generalized throughout its paradigm) and Tocharian A märk- (“to take away”).[1]
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /márp.tɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈmarp.to/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈmarp.to/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈmarp.to/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈmarp.to/
Verb
editμᾰ́ρπτω • (márptō)
Inflection
edit Present: μᾰ́ρπτω, μᾰ́ρπτομαι
Imperfect: ἔμᾰρπτον, ἐμᾰρπτόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔμᾰρπτον | ἔμᾰρπτες | ἔμᾰρπτε(ν) | ἐμᾰ́ρπτετον | ἐμᾰρπτέτην | ἐμᾰ́ρπτομεν | ἐμᾰ́ρπτετε | ἔμᾰρπτον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐμᾰρπτόμην | ἐμᾰ́ρπτου | ἐμᾰ́ρπτετο | ἐμᾰ́ρπτεσθον | ἐμᾰρπτέσθην | ἐμᾰρπτόμεθᾰ | ἐμᾰ́ρπτεσθε | ἐμᾰ́ρπτοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | μᾰ́ρψω | μᾰ́ρψεις | μᾰ́ρψει | μᾰ́ρψετον | μᾰ́ρψετον | μᾰ́ρψομεν | μᾰ́ρψετε | μᾰ́ρψουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | μᾰ́ρψοιμῐ | μᾰ́ρψοις | μᾰ́ρψοι | μᾰ́ρψοιτον | μᾰρψοίτην | μᾰ́ρψοιμεν | μᾰ́ρψοιτε | μᾰ́ρψοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | μᾰ́ρψομαι | μᾰ́ρψῃ, μᾰ́ρψει |
μᾰ́ρψεται | μᾰ́ρψεσθον | μᾰ́ρψεσθον | μᾰρψόμεθᾰ | μᾰ́ρψεσθε | μᾰ́ρψονται | ||||
optative | μᾰρψοίμην | μᾰ́ρψοιο | μᾰ́ρψοιτο | μᾰ́ρψοισθον | μᾰρψοίσθην | μᾰρψοίμεθᾰ | μᾰ́ρψοισθε | μᾰ́ρψοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | μᾰρφήσομαι | μᾰρφήσῃ | μᾰρφήσεται | μᾰρφήσεσθον | μᾰρφήσεσθον | μᾰρφησόμεθᾰ | μᾰρφήσεσθε | μᾰρφήσονται | ||||
optative | μᾰρφησοίμην | μᾰρφήσοιο | μᾰρφήσοιτο | μᾰρφήσοισθον | μᾰρφησοίσθην | μᾰρφησοίμεθᾰ | μᾰρφήσοισθε | μᾰρφήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰ́ρψειν | μᾰ́ρψεσθαι | μᾰρφήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰ́ρψων | μᾰρψόμενος | μᾰρφησόμενος | |||||||||
f | μᾰ́ρψουσᾰ | μᾰρψομένη | μᾰρφησομένη | ||||||||||
n | μᾰ́ρψον | μᾰρψόμενον | μᾰρφησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
edit- κᾰτᾰμᾰ́ρπτω (katamárptō)
- μᾰ́ρπτῐς (márptis)
- σῠμμᾰ́ρπτω (summárptō)
References
editFurther reading
edit- “μάρπτω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “μάρπτω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “μάρπτω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- μάρπτω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- μάρπτω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN