οὔτε

See also: ούτε

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

οὔτ’ (oút’) — apocopic
οὔθ’ (oúth’) — apocopic

Etymology

From οὐ (ou, “not”) + τε (te, “and”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ǔː.te/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈu.te/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈu.te/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈu.te/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈu.te/

Adverb

οὔτε • (oúte)

(rare) and not
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.265
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.155
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.3
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Physics 3.8.1
- 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, The Parasite: Parasitic an Art 27
- 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, The Parasite: Parasitic an Art 53
(mostly repeated) neither...nor
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.89
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 20.7
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.115
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.202
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 4.3.12
1. (often used to distinguish a general negation by dividing it into subordinate clauses)
  οὔτ' ἐπὶ γῆς οὔθ' ὑπὸ γῆς
  oút' epì gês oúth' hupò gês
  neither upon the earth nor under the earth.
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.199
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.450
  - 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.4
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.488
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.203
2. (alternating clauses with οὐδέ (oudé))
  - 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 537
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Aphobus 1 49
  - 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 426B
  - 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 327D, (compare 331C)
  - 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 771
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.563, (compare Pindar, Pythian Ode 8.119, Isthmian Ode 2.65)
  - 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1139
  - 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 19D
  - 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laches 182B
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 13.207
  - 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 4.5.27
3. (may be followed by a positive clause with τε (te))
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.156, (compare Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 245)
  - 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 11.50, (compare Sophocles, Antigone 763, Euripides, Hippolytus 302)
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.37
4. (often, by anacoluthon, followed by some other particle)
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.368
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.108
  - 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 388E
  - 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 6.3.16
  1. (in poetry, οὐ (ou) sometimes follows without any conjunctive particle)
    - 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 479
    - 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 450
    - 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 972
    - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.138
  2. (sometimes replaced by οὐ (ou) in poetry)
    - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.566
    - 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 125
    - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.115
    - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.136
    - 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 588
  3. (the former οὔτε is sometimes omitted)
    - 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 10.46
    - 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 64
    - 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 532
5. (corresponding with μήτε (mḗte))
  - 341 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Chersonese 68

References

“οὔτε”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

“οὔτε”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“οὔτε”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
οὔτε in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
οὔτε in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“οὔτε”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G3777 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- neither . . . nor idem, page 555.