τρυφάλεια

Ancient Greek

Etymology

A derivative of φάλος (phálos, “crest of a helmet”). Hesychius says τρυ- (tru-) is for τρι- (tri-, “three”); Liddell & Scott deny this but do not say what it does represent. Cunliffe says it represents τετρα- (tetra-, “four”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /try.pʰá.leː.a/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tryˈpʰa.li.a/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /tryˈɸa.li.a/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /tryˈfa.li.a/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /triˈfa.li.a/

Noun

τρῠφάλειᾰ • (trupháleia) f (genitive τρῠφᾰλείης); first declension

(Epic) helmet
Synonyms: κόρυς (kórus), κράνος (krános)

Declension

First declension of τρῠφᾰ́λειᾰ; τρῠφᾰλείης (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τρῠφᾰ́λειᾰ trupháleia	τρῠφᾰλείᾱ truphaleíā	τρῠφᾰ́λειαι trupháleiai
Genitive	τρῠφᾰλείης truphaleíēs	τρῠφᾰλείαιν / τρῠφᾰλείαιῐν / τρῠφᾰλείῃῐν truphaleíai(i)n / truphaleíēiin	τρῠφᾰλειᾱ́ων / τρῠφᾰλειέ͜ων / τρῠφᾰλειῶν truphaleiā́ōn / truphaleié͜ōn / truphaleiôn
Dative	τρῠφᾰλείῃ truphaleíēi	τρῠφᾰλείαιν / τρῠφᾰλείαιῐν / τρῠφᾰλείῃῐν truphaleíai(i)n / truphaleíēiin	τρῠφᾰλείῃσῐ / τρῠφᾰλείῃσῐν / τρῠφᾰλείῃς / τρῠφᾰλείαις truphaleíēisi(n) / truphaleíēis / truphaleíais
Accusative	τρῠφᾰ́λειᾰν trupháleian	τρῠφᾰλείᾱ truphaleíā	τρῠφᾰλείᾱς truphaleíās
Vocative	τρῠφᾰ́λειᾰ trupháleia	τρῠφᾰλείᾱ truphaleíā	τρῠφᾰ́λειαι trupháleiai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

“τρυφάλεια”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
τρυφάλεια in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
τρυφάλεια in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“τρυφάλεια”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press