лѣсъ

Old Church Slavonic

лѣсъ

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lěsъ.

Noun

лѣсъ • (lěsŭ) m

1. forest
2. woods
   • from the Homily against the Bogumils, 1794-1796:

     бо би велѣлъ богъ не дѣлати чловѣкомъ то бꙑлиѥ жито би раждало и лѣсъ грозниѥ.

     bo bi velělŭ bogŭ ne dělati člověkomŭ to bylije žito bi raždalo i lěsŭ groznije.

     If God had ordered men not to work, plants would grow grain and woods grapes.

   • from Vita Methodii, 0700210:

     и азъ на лѣсѣ надаю, своі дьнь съконьчавъ.

     i azŭ na lěsě nadaju, svoi dĭnĭ sŭkonĭčavŭ.

     Now my days are ending and I am waiting for the woods.

Old East Slavic

Лѣсъ (1).

Лѣсъ на земли (2).

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lě̑sъ. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic лѣсъ (lěsŭ) and Old Polish las.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈleːsʊ/→/ˈlʲeːsʊ/→/ˈlʲɛːs/, /ˈlʲeːs/

• (ca. 9^th CE) IPA^(key): /ˈleːsʊ/
• (ca. 11^th CE) IPA^(key): /ˈlʲeːsʊ/
• (ca. 13^th CE) IPA^(key): /ˈlʲɛːs/, /ˈlʲeːs/

• Hyphenation: лѣ‧съ

Noun

лѣсъ (lěsŭ) m (diminutive лѣсъкъ or лѣсьць, related adjective лѣсьнъ)

1. forest
2. timber

Declension

Declension of лѣсъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	лѣсъ lěsŭ	лѣса lěsa	лѣси lěsi
Genitive	лѣса lěsa	лѣсу lěsu	лѣсъ lěsŭ
Dative	лѣсу lěsu	лѣсома lěsoma	лѣсомъ lěsomŭ
Accusative	лѣсъ lěsŭ	лѣса lěsa	лѣсꙑ lěsy
Instrumental	лѣсъмь lěsŭmĭ	лѣсома lěsoma	лѣсꙑ lěsy
Locative	лѣсѣ lěsě	лѣсу lěsu	лѣсѣхъ lěsěxŭ
Vocative	лѣсе lěse	лѣса lěsa	лѣси lěsi

Descendants

• Old Ruthenian: лѣсъ (lěs)
  • Belarusian: лес (ljes)
  • Carpathian Rusyn: лїс (ljis)
  • Ukrainian: ліс (lis)
• Russian: лес (les)

References

• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902) “лѣсъ”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[1] (in Russian), volumes 2 (Л – П), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 76

Russian

Noun

лѣсъ • (lěs) m inan (genitive лѣ́са, nominative plural лѣса́, genitive plural лѣсо́въ)

1. Pre-1918 spelling of лес (les).

Declension

Pre-reform declension of лѣсъ (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-c irreg) 

	singular	plural
nominative	лѣ́съ lě́s	лѣса́△ lěsá△
genitive	лѣ́са lě́sa	лѣсо́въ lěsóv
dative	лѣ́су lě́su	лѣса́мъ lěsám
accusative	лѣ́съ lě́s	лѣса́△ lěsá△
instrumental	лѣ́сомъ lě́som	лѣса́ми lěsámi
prepositional	лѣ́сѣ lě́sě	лѣса́хъ lěsáx
locative	лѣсу́ lěsú

^△ Irregular.