ժիժմակ

Middle Armenian

Alternative forms

• ժժմակ (žžmak), ժժմանք pl (žžmankʻ), ժժմունք pl (žžmunkʻ), ժիժմունք pl (žižmunkʻ)

Etymology

From Old Armenian ժիժմակ (žižmak).

Noun

ժիժմակ • (žižmak)

1. insect, worm, bug
2. hallucination, mirage, nightmare, bogey

Derived terms

• ժժմային (žžmayin)
• ժժմատեսակ (žžmatesak)

 

Descendants

• Armenian: ժժմունք (žžmunkʻ), ժժվանք (žžvankʻ)

Further reading

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “ժժմակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 229ab
• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ժժմակ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ժիժմակ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (2000) “ժժմակ”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʻ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʻeancʻ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʻ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries]‎^[1], edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 241
• Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (2000) “ժժմանք”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʻ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʻeancʻ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʻ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries]‎^[2], edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 241
• Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (2000) “ժժմունք”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʻ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʻeancʻ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʻ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries]‎^[3], edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 241
• Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (2000) “ժիժմակ”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʻ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʻeancʻ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʻ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries]‎^[4], edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 241
• Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (2000) “ժիժմունք”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʻ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʻeancʻ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʻ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries]‎^[5], edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 241

Old Armenian

Alternative forms

• ժիժմունք pl (žižmunkʻ), ժժակ (žžak)

Etymology

Ačaṙyan considers this an onomatopoeic formation together with Middle Armenian ժիժի (žiži, “dragonfly”).

More likely an Iranian borrowing: compare Yazghulami ʒəzmág (“camel spider”).

Noun

ժիժմակ • (žižmak)

1. insect, worm, bug
   • 10/13th century, Tʿovmay Arcruni and Ananun, Patmutʿiwn tann Arcruneacʿ [History of the House of Artsrunik] :

     Արդ յայսմ հետէ ըստ նեպուկի գեաղջն կապճահամար ժժակք յամենայն ի դուռն արքունի ի սատակումն եկեսցեն։

     Ard yaysm hetē əst nepuki geałǰn kapčahamar žžakkʻ yamenayn i duṙn arkʻuni i satakumn ekescʻen.

2. hallucination, mirage, nightmare, bogey
   • 8th century, Gregory of Nyssa, Tesutʿiwn yałags mardoys kazmutʿean [On the Formation of Man] , (2008 edition, page 108):

     Քանզի եղեալ յումեք կայ մնայ, որպէս ասացեալ է, յիշատակարանի ոգւոցն տուընջենային գործոցն գարշատեսիլ ժիժմակքն (var. ժիժմունքն), որ բազում անգամ եւ առ որակս մարմնոյս տրամադրութիւնս երազոցն հիւթք տպաւորին։

     Kʻanzi ełeal yumekʻ kay mnay, orpēs asacʻeal ē, yišatakarani ogwocʻn tuənǰenayin gorcocʻn garšatesil žižmakkʻn (var. žižmunkʻn), or bazum angam ew aṙ oraks marmnoys tramadrutʻiwns erazocʻn hiwtʻkʻ tpaworin.

Descendants

• Middle Armenian: ժիժմակ (žižmak), ժժմակ (žžmak), ժժմանք pl (žžmankʻ), ժժմունք pl (žžmunkʻ), ժիժմունք pl (žižmunkʻ)
  • Armenian: ժժմունք (žžmunkʻ), ժժվանք (žžvankʻ)

Further reading

• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ժժակ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ժիժմակ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ժիժմանք”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “ժժմակ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 281a
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 211
• Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ժժմակ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy