մամուխ

Armenian edit

Alternative forms edit

dialects

մամոխ (mamox)
մամուխ (mamux) — Ararat, Arapgir, Ghazakh, Partizak, dialectological notation
մամօխ (mamōx) — Akn, dialectological notation
մամօ̈՛խ (mamö́x) — Aslanbeg, dialectological notation
մա̈մօ̈խ (mämöx) — Svedia, dialectological notation
մամոխ (mamox, “unripe”) — Mush, dialectological notation
մամոխ (mamox, “vulva”) — Nor Nakhichevan, dialectological notation

Etymology edit

From Old Armenian *մամուխ (*mamux), attested in 5th-century մամխ-ի (mamx-i, “sloe bush, blackthorn”), of unknown origin. Perhaps a reduplication of an unknown root *մուխ (*mux), which is sometimes identified with մուխ- (mux-, “to drive in, force into, plunge”).^[1]^[2]^[3] Compare Ancient Greek μύξα (múxa, “kind of plum-tree”);^[3] Lak бухъ (buq, “sloe”) and its cognate Dargwa муръух (murʾuχ, “sloe”);^[4] Proto-Abkhaz-Abaza *mǝɣǝ (“thorn”)^[5] found in the name of several thorny bushes, including Abaza дзхӏвы-мыгъ (dzḥʷə-məɣ, “sloe bush, blackthorn”) and reduplicated Ubykh maʁǝ́ʁ-mǝʒ́ǝ (“a kind of thorny bush”).

The sense “vulva” developed because of the fruit's appearance: compare ծիրան (ciran, “apricot; vulva”). That sense is also preserved in the Romani borrowing mamúx (“sloe; vagina”).

Pronunciation edit

(Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA^(key): [mɑˈmuχ]
(Western Armenian, standard) IPA^(key): [mɑˈmuχ]
Hyphenation: մա‧մուխ

Noun edit

մամուխ • (mamux)

sloe (fruit)
Synonym: կոկան (kokan)
- 16–17th centuries, Eremia Mełrecʿi or Sargis Evdokiacʿi, Baṙgirkʿ hayocʿ [Armenian Dictionary] Մ.50:^[6]
  Մամուխ· փափուկ, կամ միրգ բոլոր եւ սեաւ։
  Mamux· pʻapʻuk, kam mirg bolor ew seaw.
(dialectal, euphemistic) vulva
Synonym: բունոց (bunocʻ)

Declension edit

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)

	singular	plural
nominative	մամուխ (mamux)	մամուխներ (mamuxner)
dative	մամխի (mamxi)	մամուխների (mamuxneri)
ablative	մամխից (mamxicʻ)	մամուխներից (mamuxnericʻ)
instrumental	մամխով (mamxov)	մամուխներով (mamuxnerov)
locative	մամխում (mamxum)	մամուխներում (mamuxnerum)
	definite forms
nominative	մամուխը/մամուխն (mamuxə/mamuxn)	մամուխները/մամուխներն (mamuxnerə/mamuxnern)
dative	մամխին (mamxin)	մամուխներին (mamuxnerin)
	1^st person possessive forms (my)
nominative	մամուխս (mamuxs)	մամուխներս (mamuxners)
dative	մամխիս (mamxis)	մամուխներիս (mamuxneris)
ablative	մամխիցս (mamxicʻs)	մամուխներիցս (mamuxnericʻs)
instrumental	մամխովս (mamxovs)	մամուխներովս (mamuxnerovs)
locative	մամխումս (mamxums)	մամուխներումս (mamuxnerums)
	2^nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative	մամուխդ (mamuxd)	մամուխներդ (mamuxnerd)
dative	մամխիդ (mamxid)	մամուխներիդ (mamuxnerid)
ablative	մամխիցդ (mamxicʻd)	մամուխներիցդ (mamuxnericʻd)
instrumental	մամխովդ (mamxovd)	մամուխներովդ (mamuxnerovd)
locative	մամխումդ (mamxumd)	մամուխներումդ (mamuxnerumd)

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)

	singular	plural
nominative	մամուխ (mamux)	մամուխներ (mamuxner)
dative	մամուխի (mamuxi)	մամուխների (mamuxneri)
ablative	մամուխից (mamuxicʻ)	մամուխներից (mamuxnericʻ)
instrumental	մամուխով (mamuxov)	մամուխներով (mamuxnerov)
locative	մամուխում (mamuxum)	մամուխներում (mamuxnerum)
	definite forms
nominative	մամուխը/մամուխն (mamuxə/mamuxn)	մամուխները/մամուխներն (mamuxnerə/mamuxnern)
dative	մամուխին (mamuxin)	մամուխներին (mamuxnerin)
	1^st person possessive forms (my)
nominative	մամուխս (mamuxs)	մամուխներս (mamuxners)
dative	մամուխիս (mamuxis)	մամուխներիս (mamuxneris)
ablative	մամուխիցս (mamuxicʻs)	մամուխներիցս (mamuxnericʻs)
instrumental	մամուխովս (mamuxovs)	մամուխներովս (mamuxnerovs)
locative	մամուխումս (mamuxums)	մամուխներումս (mamuxnerums)
	2^nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative	մամուխդ (mamuxd)	մամուխներդ (mamuxnerd)
dative	մամուխիդ (mamuxid)	մամուխներիդ (mamuxnerid)
ablative	մամուխիցդ (mamuxicʻd)	մամուխներիցդ (mamuxnericʻd)
instrumental	մամուխովդ (mamuxovd)	մամուխներովդ (mamuxnerovd)
locative	մամուխումդ (mamuxumd)	մամուխներումդ (mamuxnerumd)

References edit

^ Joseph, Brian (1992) “Armenian Reduplicated Nouns mamul, mamuṙ, and mamur”, in John A.C. Greppin, editor, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Armenian Linguistics: Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, September 14–18, 1991, Delmar (NY): Caravan, pages 101, 112
^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “մամուխ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 505a
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Bläsing, Uwe (2019) “Die armenischen Pflanzennamen in Peter Simon Pallas’ Flora Rossica. Eine Studie zu Etymologie und sprachlicher Interaktion”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15) (in German), Leuven: Peeters, pages 7—17
^ Хайдаков, С. М. (1973) Сравнительно-сопоставительный словарь дагестанских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Dagestan Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 54b
^ Nikolaev, Sergei L., Starostin, Sergei A. (1994) “*mV̆G_Ă(-lV)”, in A North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary‎^[1], Moscow: Asterisk Publishers
^ Amalyan, H. M., editor (1975), Baṙgirkʻ hayocʻ‎^[2] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 207
^ Kasımoğlu, Ahmet, Dirihî, Ehmedê (2013) Kadri Yıldırım, editor, Ferhenga Navên Nebatan a Kurdî [Dictionary of Kurdish Plant Names]‎^[3], Istanbul: Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi, →ISBN, pages 524, 525, 555, 557
^ Boretzky, Norbert (2012) Studien zum Wortschatz des Romani (in German), Faber, page 226
^ Dankoff, Robert (1995) Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, page 102
^ Kocadag, Çeko (2010) “momix”, in Ferheng, Kirmanckî (Zazakî) - Kurmancî, Kurmancî - Kirmanckî (Zazakî), Berlin: Weşanên Komkar, →ISBN, page 833b

Further reading edit

Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1913) “մամուխ”, in Hayerēn gawaṙakan baṙaran [Armenian Provincial Dictionary] (Ēminean azgagrakan žoġovacu; 9) (in Armenian), Tiflis: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, page 748a
Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “մամուխ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 244a
Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “Մամխի”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 1951, pages 413–414
Awgerean, Mkrtičʻ, Čēlalean, Grigor (1865) “մամուխ”, in Aṙjeṙn baṙaran haykaznean lezui [Pocket Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 537b
J̌axǰaxean, Manuēl (1837) “մամուխ”, in Baṙgirkʻ i barbaṙ hay ew italakan [Armenian–Italian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 944a
Malxaseancʻ, Stepʻan (1944) “մամուխ”, in Hayerēn bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Armenian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume III, Yerevan: State Publishing House, page 246b
Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 446
Anonymous disciples of Mxitʻar Sebastacʻi (1769) “մամուխ”, in Baṙgirkʻ Haykazean lezui. Baṙgirkʻ i grabaṙē yašxarhabaṙn [Dictionary of the Armenian Language. Dictionary from Old Armenian into New Armenian]‎^[4] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 250a
Ananean, Mkrtičʻ (1769) “մամոխ”, in Baṙgirkʻ Haykazean lezui. Baṙgirkʻ yašxarhabaṙē i grabaṙn [Dictionary of the Armenian Language. Dictionary from New Armenian into Old Armenian]‎^[5] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 398a
Pallas, Peter Simon (1784) “Prunus spinosa”, in Flora Rossica (in Latin), volume I, part I, St. Petersburg: Academy Press, page 18, recorded as mamuch

[1] Joseph, Brian (1992) “Armenian Reduplicated Nouns mamul, mamuṙ, and mamur”, in John A.C. Greppin, editor, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Armenian Linguistics: Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, September 14–18, 1991, Delmar (NY): Caravan, pages 101, 112

[2] J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “մամուխ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 505a

[Bläsing-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Bläsing, Uwe (2019) “Die armenischen Pflanzennamen in Peter Simon Pallas’ Flora Rossica. Eine Studie zu Etymologie und sprachlicher Interaktion”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15) (in German), Leuven: Peeters, pages 7—17

[4] Хайдаков, С. М. (1973) Сравнительно-сопоставительный словарь дагестанских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Dagestan Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 54b

[5] Nikolaev, Sergei L., Starostin, Sergei A. (1994) “*mV̆G_Ă(-lV)”, in A North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary‎^[1], Moscow: Asterisk Publishers

[6] Amalyan, H. M., editor (1975), Baṙgirkʻ hayocʻ‎^[2] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 207

[7] Kasımoğlu, Ahmet, Dirihî, Ehmedê (2013) Kadri Yıldırım, editor, Ferhenga Navên Nebatan a Kurdî [Dictionary of Kurdish Plant Names]‎^[3], Istanbul: Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi, →ISBN, pages 524, 525, 555, 557

[8] Boretzky, Norbert (2012) Studien zum Wortschatz des Romani (in German), Faber, page 226

[9] Dankoff, Robert (1995) Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, page 102

[10] Kocadag, Çeko (2010) “momix”, in Ferheng, Kirmanckî (Zazakî) - Kurmancî, Kurmancî - Kirmanckî (Zazakî), Berlin: Weşanên Komkar, →ISBN, page 833b

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