שכן

Hebrew

Etymology

Cognate with Arabic سَكَنَ (sakana, “to reside, inhabit”).

Root
שׁ־כ־ן (š-k-n)

Pronunciation

• Audio

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Verb

שָׁכַן • (shakhán) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction, infinitive לשכון / לִשְׁכֹּן, future ישכון / יִשְׁכֹּן)

1. to dwell, reside
   • Tanach, Numbers 23:9, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     כִּי־מֵרֹאשׁ צֻרִים אֶרְאֶנּוּ וּמִגְּבָעוֹת אֲשׁוּרֶנּוּ הֶן־עָם לְבָדָד יִשְׁכֹּן וּבַגּוֹיִם לֹא יִתְחַשָּׁב׃

     ki-merósh tsurím 'er'énu umig'va'ót 'ashurénu hen-'ám l'vadád yishkón uvagoyím ló yitkhasháv.
     kī-mērōš ṣūrīm ʾerʾénnū ūmiggəḇāʿōṯ ʾăšūrénnū hen-ʿām ləḇāḏāḏ yiškōn ūḇaggōyīm lō yiṯḥaššāḇ.

     For from the top of the rocks I see him, and from the hills I behold him: lo, it is a people that shall dwell alone, and shall not be reckoned among the nations.

2. to be housed, located

Conjugation

Conjugation of שָׁכַן (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 

non-finite forms		to-infinitive: לשכון / לִשְׁכֹּן action noun: שְׁכִינָה passive participle: —
finite forms		singular		plural
		m.	f.	m.	f.
past	first	שָׁכַנְתִּי		שָׁכַנּוּ
	second	שָׁכַנְתָּ	שָׁכַנְתְּ	שְׁכַנְתֶּם1	שְׁכַנְתֶּן1
	third	שָׁכַן	שָׁכְנָה	שָׁכְנוּ
present		שׁוֹכֵן	שׁוֹכֶנֶת	שׁוֹכְנִים	שׁוֹכְנוֹת
future	first	אשכון / אֶשְׁכֹּן		נשכון / נִשְׁכֹּן
	second	תשכון / תִּשְׁכֹּן	תִּשְׁכְּנִי	תִּשְׁכְּנוּ	תשכונה / תִּשְׁכֹּנָּה2
	third	ישכון / יִשְׁכֹּן	תשכון / תִּשְׁכֹּן	יִשְׁכְּנוּ	תשכונה / תִּשְׁכֹּנָּה2
imperative		שכון / שְׁכֹן	שִׁכְנִי	שִׁכְנוּ	שכונה / שְׁכֹנָּה2
notes		Pronounced שָׁכַנְתֶּם and שָׁכַנְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Related terms

• שְׁכִינָה (sh'khiná)

References

• H7931 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Noun

שָׁכֵן • (shakhén) m (plural indefinite שְׁכֵנִים, feminine counterpart שְׁכֵנָה)

1. neighbor

Related terms

• שְׁכוּנָה (sh'khuná)

Adjective

שָׁכֵן • (shakhén) (feminine שְׁכֵנָה, masculine plural שְׁכֵנִים, feminine plural שְׁכֵנוֹת)

1. neighboring

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew שָׁכֵן.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʃɔχn̩/

Noun

שכן • (shokhn) m, plural שכנים (shkheynem)

1. neighbour