آلودن

Persian

Etymology

Of uncertain origin.

Cheung derives the verb from Proto-Iranian *ā- (“ad-”) +‎ *dauH- (“to smear, rub (on)”), with a lambdacism of *d > l. The prefix is from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“to, at”), while the verbal root is of uncertain further origin, with possible connections to Vedic Sanskrit आधावति (ādhāvati, “to rinse, polish”), though not Sanskrit धाव् (dhāv, “to run, flow”), the latter which Cheung implicitly considers to be unrelated to the Iranian and Vedic verbs.

Edelman and Rastorgujeva mention the theory above, but do consider the root to be related to धाव् (dhāv). In addition, they suggest an alternate derivation from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leyb- (“to slip, slide”); see *sleydʰ- (“to slip”) for more.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔɑː.luː.ðan]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑː.luː.d̪än]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑː.luː.d̪än]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɑː.luː.d̪än]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔɔː.lu.d̪än]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɒː.luː.d̪æn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɔ.lu.d̪än]

Readings
Classical reading?	ālūḏan
Dari reading?	ālūdan
Iranian reading?	âludan
Tajik reading?	oludan

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Verb

آلودَن • (âludan) (present stem آلا (âlâ))

1. to contaminate, to pollute

Conjugation

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• آلایش (âlâyeš)
• آلوده (âlude)
• آلودگی (âludegi)