أكار
Arabic edit
Alternative forms edit
- إِكَّار (ʔikkār)
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Aramaic אִיכָּרָא / אִכָּרָא (ʾikkārā), ܐܱܟ݁ܳܪܴܐ (ʾakkārā, “farmer”), from Akkadian 𒀳 (ikkarum, “farmer”), from Sumerian 𒀳 (engar, “farmer”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
أَكَّار • (ʔakkār) m (plural أَكَّارُون (ʔakkārūn) or أَكَرَة (ʔakara)) (obsolete)
- farmer, tiller, cultivator of land
- Synonyms: زَرَّاع (zarrāʕ), زَارِع (zāriʕ), حَرَّاث (ḥarrāṯ), فَلَّاح (fallāḥ), كَافِر (kāfir), بَرْدَزْبَة (bardazba)
- a. 710, الأخطل [al-ʾaḵṭal], edited by Theodor Nöldeke and August Müller, Delectus veterum carminum arabicorum, Berlin: H. Reuther’s Verlagsbuchhandlung, published 1890, page 54:
- إِنَّ الفَوَارِسَ يَعْرِفُونَ ظُهُورَكُم، أَوْلَادَ كُلِّ مُقَبَّحٍ أَكّارِ!
- ʔinna l-fawārisa yaʕrifūna ẓuhūrakum, ʔawlāda kulli muqabbaḥin ʔakkāri!
- Indeed the nomads know your backs, children of every disdained boor!
- a. 869, Al-Jāḥiẓ, “قِصَّةُ ابْنِ العَقَدِيِّ [The Story of Ibn Al-Aqadiyy]”, in Muḥammad Fatḥī ʾAbū Bakr, editor, Al-Buḵalāʾ, 5th edition, Cairo, Egypt: Al Dar Al Masriah Al Lubnaniah, published 2021, →ISBN, page 256:
- قَالَ: «يَشْتَرِي لَنَا أَرُزًّا بِقِشْرِهِ وَيَحْمِلُهُ مَعَهُ، لَيْسَ مَعَهُ شَيْءٌ مِمَّا خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ إِلَّا ذٰلِكَ الْأَرُزّ. فَإِذَا صِرْنَا إِلَى أَرْضِهِ كَلَّفَ أَكَّارَهُ أَنْ يَجُشَّهُ فِي مِجَشَّةٍ لَهُ، […] »
- qāla: “yaštarī lanā ʔaruzzan biqišrihi wayaḥmiluhu maʕahu, laysa maʕahu šayʔun mimmā ḵalaqa llāhu ʔillā ḏālika l-ʔaruzz. faʔiḏā ṣirnā ʔilā ʔarḍihi kallafa ʔakkārahu ʔan yajuššahu fī mijaššatin lahu, […] ”
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension edit
Declension of noun أَكَّار (ʔakkār)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَكَّار ʔakkār |
الْأَكَّار al-ʔakkār |
أَكَّار ʔakkār |
| Nominative | أَكَّارٌ ʔakkārun |
الْأَكَّارُ al-ʔakkāru |
أَكَّارُ ʔakkāru |
| Accusative | أَكَّارًا ʔakkāran |
الْأَكَّارَ al-ʔakkāra |
أَكَّارَ ʔakkāra |
| Genitive | أَكَّارٍ ʔakkārin |
الْأَكَّارِ al-ʔakkāri |
أَكَّارِ ʔakkāri |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | أَكَّارَيْن ʔakkārayn |
الْأَكَّارَيْن al-ʔakkārayn |
أَكَّارَيْ ʔakkāray |
| Nominative | أَكَّارَانِ ʔakkārāni |
الْأَكَّارَانِ al-ʔakkārāni |
أَكَّارَا ʔakkārā |
| Accusative | أَكَّارَيْنِ ʔakkārayni |
الْأَكَّارَيْنِ al-ʔakkārayni |
أَكَّارَيْ ʔakkāray |
| Genitive | أَكَّارَيْنِ ʔakkārayni |
الْأَكَّارَيْنِ al-ʔakkārayni |
أَكَّارَيْ ʔakkāray |
| Plural | sound masculine plural; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَكَّارِين; أَكَرَة ʔakkārīn; ʔakara |
الْأَكَّارِين; الْأَكَرَة al-ʔakkārīn; al-ʔakara |
أَكَّارِي; أَكَرَة ʔakkārī; ʔakarat |
| Nominative | أَكَّارُونَ; أَكَرَةٌ ʔakkārūna; ʔakaratun |
الْأَكَّارُونَ; الْأَكَرَةُ al-ʔakkārūna; al-ʔakaratu |
أَكَّارُو; أَكَرَةُ ʔakkārū; ʔakaratu |
| Accusative | أَكَّارِينَ; أَكَرَةً ʔakkārīna; ʔakaratan |
الْأَكَّارِينَ; الْأَكَرَةَ al-ʔakkārīna; al-ʔakarata |
أَكَّارِي; أَكَرَةَ ʔakkārī; ʔakarata |
| Genitive | أَكَّارِينَ; أَكَرَةٍ ʔakkārīna; ʔakaratin |
الْأَكَّارِينَ; الْأَكَرَةِ al-ʔakkārīna; al-ʔakarati |
أَكَّارِي; أَكَرَةِ ʔakkārī; ʔakarati |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 128–129
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “أكار”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[1], London: Williams & Norgate, page 71
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “أكار”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[2] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 33