عظيم

See also: عظیم

Arabic

Root
ع ظ م (ʕ-ẓ-m)

Etymology

فَعِيل (faʕīl)-type stative-verb derived from the active participle from the verb عَظِمَ (ʕaẓima, “to become great”). Related to Hebrew עָצוּם ('atsúm, “enormous, colossal”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʕa.ðˤiːm/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iːm

Adjective

عَظِيم • (ʕaẓīm) (feminine عَظِيمَة (ʕaẓīma), common plural عِظَام (ʕiẓām), masculine plural عُظَمَاء (ʕuẓamāʔ), feminine plural عَظِيمَات (ʕaẓīmāt) or عَظَائِم (ʕaẓāʔim), elative أَعْظَم (ʔaʕẓam))

1. magnificent, grandiose
2. great
3. powerful
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:255:

     اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الْحَيُّ الْقَيُّومُ لَا تَأْخُذُهُ سِنَةٌ وَلَا نَوْمٌ لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يَشْفَعُ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ يَعْلَمُ مَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَمَا خَلْفَهُمْ وَلَا يُحِيطُونَ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ عِلْمِهِ إِلَّا بِمَا شَاءَ وَسِعَ كُرْسِيُّهُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَلَا يَئُودُهُ حِفْظُهُمَا وَهُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْعَظِيمُ

     al-lahu lā ʔilaha ʔillā huwa l-ḥayyu l-qayyūmu lā taʔḵuḏuhu sinatun walā nawmun lahu mā fī s-samāwāti wamā fī l-ʔarḍi man ḏā allaḏī yašfaʕu ʕindahu ʔillā biʔiḏnihi yaʕlamu mā bayna ʔaydīhim wamā ḵalfahum walā yuḥīṭūna bišayʔin min ʕilmihi ʔillā bimā šāʔa wasiʕa kursiyyuhu s-samāwāti wālʔarḍa walā yaʔūduhu ḥifẓuhumā wahuwa l-ʕaliyyu al-ʕaẓīmu

     Allah - there is no deity except Him, the Ever-Living, the Sustainer of [all] existence. Neither drowsiness overtakes Him nor sleep. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. Who is it that can intercede with Him except by His permission? He knows what is [presently] before them and what will be after them, and they encompass not a thing of His knowledge except for what He wills. His Kursi extends over the heavens and the earth, and their preservation tires Him not. And He is the Most High, the Most Great.

Declension

Declension of adjective عَظِيم (ʕaẓīm)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	عَظِيم ʕaẓīm	الْعَظِيم al-ʕaẓīm	عَظِيمَة ʕaẓīma	الْعَظِيمَة al-ʕaẓīma
Nominative	عَظِيمٌ ʕaẓīmun	الْعَظِيمُ al-ʕaẓīmu	عَظِيمَةٌ ʕaẓīmatun	الْعَظِيمَةُ al-ʕaẓīmatu
Accusative	عَظِيمًا ʕaẓīman	الْعَظِيمَ al-ʕaẓīma	عَظِيمَةً ʕaẓīmatan	الْعَظِيمَةَ al-ʕaẓīmata
Genitive	عَظِيمٍ ʕaẓīmin	الْعَظِيمِ al-ʕaẓīmi	عَظِيمَةٍ ʕaẓīmatin	الْعَظِيمَةِ al-ʕaẓīmati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	عَظِيمَيْن ʕaẓīmayn	الْعَظِيمَيْن al-ʕaẓīmayn	عَظِيمَتَيْن ʕaẓīmatayn	الْعَظِيمَتَيْن al-ʕaẓīmatayn
Nominative	عَظِيمَانِ ʕaẓīmāni	الْعَظِيمَانِ al-ʕaẓīmāni	عَظِيمَتَانِ ʕaẓīmatāni	الْعَظِيمَتَانِ al-ʕaẓīmatāni
Accusative	عَظِيمَيْنِ ʕaẓīmayni	الْعَظِيمَيْنِ al-ʕaẓīmayni	عَظِيمَتَيْنِ ʕaẓīmatayni	الْعَظِيمَتَيْنِ al-ʕaẓīmatayni
Genitive	عَظِيمَيْنِ ʕaẓīmayni	الْعَظِيمَيْنِ al-ʕaẓīmayni	عَظِيمَتَيْنِ ʕaẓīmatayni	الْعَظِيمَتَيْنِ al-ʕaẓīmatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	basic broken plural diptote‎; basic broken plural triptote		sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural diptote‎; basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	عُظَمَاء‎; عِظَام ʕuẓamāʔ‎; ʕiẓām	الْعُظَمَاء‎; الْعِظَام al-ʕuẓamāʔ‎; al-ʕiẓām	عَظِيمَات‎; عَظَائِم‎; عِظَام ʕaẓīmāt‎; ʕaẓāʔim‎; ʕiẓām	الْعَظِيمَات‎; الْعَظَائِم‎; الْعِظَام al-ʕaẓīmāt‎; al-ʕaẓāʔim‎; al-ʕiẓām
Nominative	عُظَمَاءُ‎; عِظَامٌ ʕuẓamāʔu‎; ʕiẓāmun	الْعُظَمَاءُ‎; الْعِظَامُ al-ʕuẓamāʔu‎; al-ʕiẓāmu	عَظِيمَاتٌ‎; عَظَائِمُ‎; عِظَامٌ ʕaẓīmātun‎; ʕaẓāʔimu‎; ʕiẓāmun	الْعَظِيمَاتُ‎; الْعَظَائِمُ‎; الْعِظَامُ al-ʕaẓīmātu‎; al-ʕaẓāʔimu‎; al-ʕiẓāmu
Accusative	عُظَمَاءَ‎; عِظَامًا ʕuẓamāʔa‎; ʕiẓāman	الْعُظَمَاءَ‎; الْعِظَامَ al-ʕuẓamāʔa‎; al-ʕiẓāma	عَظِيمَاتٍ‎; عَظَائِمَ‎; عِظَامًا ʕaẓīmātin‎; ʕaẓāʔima‎; ʕiẓāman	الْعَظِيمَاتِ‎; الْعَظَائِمَ‎; الْعِظَامَ al-ʕaẓīmāti‎; al-ʕaẓāʔima‎; al-ʕiẓāma
Genitive	عُظَمَاءَ‎; عِظَامٍ ʕuẓamāʔa‎; ʕiẓāmin	الْعُظَمَاءِ‎; الْعِظَامِ al-ʕuẓamāʔi‎; al-ʕiẓāmi	عَظِيمَاتٍ‎; عَظَائِمَ‎; عِظَامٍ ʕaẓīmātin‎; ʕaẓāʔima‎; ʕiẓāmin	الْعَظِيمَاتِ‎; الْعَظَائِمِ‎; الْعِظَامِ al-ʕaẓīmāti‎; al-ʕaẓāʔimi‎; al-ʕiẓāmi

Antonyms

• حَقِير (ḥaqīr)
• هَيِّن (hayyin)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: əzim
• → Persian: عظیم ('azim)
  • Hindi: अज़ीम (azīm)
• → Ottoman Turkish: عظیم (azim)
  • Turkish: azîm
• → Urdu: عظیم (azīm)
• → Swahili: adhimu

References

• Wehr, Hans (1979), “عظم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN