गन्धार

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• गान्धर (gāndhara)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গন্ধাৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬕᬦ᭄ᬥᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
• গন্ধার (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰡𑰿𑰠𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑀦𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ဂန္ဓာရ (Burmese script)
• ગન્ધાર (Gujarati script)
• ਗਨ੍ਧਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑌨𑍍𑌧𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦤ꧀ꦣꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂢𑂹𑂡𑂰𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಗನ್ಧಾರ (Kannada script)
• គន្ធារ (Khmer script)
• ຄນ຺ຘາຣ (Lao script)
• ഗന്ധാര (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᠠᠨᢡᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘡𑘿𑘠𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠠᠨᢑᠾᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑧁𑧠𑧀𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑐣𑑂𑐢𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
• ଗନ୍ଧାର (Odia script)
• ꢔꢥ꣄ꢤꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆤𑇀𑆣𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖡𑖿𑖠𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
• ගන්‍ධාර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩯 𑪙𑩮𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚝𑚶𑚜𑚭𑚤 (Takri script)
• க³ந்த⁴ார (Tamil script)
• గన్ధార (Telugu script)
• คนฺธาร (Thai script)
• ག་ནྡྷཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒢𑓂𑒡𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨝𑩇𑨜𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐn.dʱɑː.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɡɐn̪ˈd̪ʱɑː.ɾɐ/

Proper noun

गन्धार • (gandhāra) stem, m

1. (historical) An ancient kingdom that occupied parts of present-day Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गन्धार (gandhāra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गन्धारः gandhāraḥ	गन्धारौ / गन्धारा¹ gandhārau / gandhārā¹	गन्धाराः / गन्धारासः¹ gandhārāḥ / gandhārāsaḥ¹
Vocative	गन्धार gandhāra	गन्धारौ / गन्धारा¹ gandhārau / gandhārā¹	गन्धाराः / गन्धारासः¹ gandhārāḥ / gandhārāsaḥ¹
Accusative	गन्धारम् gandhāram	गन्धारौ / गन्धारा¹ gandhārau / gandhārā¹	गन्धारान् gandhārān
Instrumental	गन्धारेण gandhāreṇa	गन्धाराभ्याम् gandhārābhyām	गन्धारैः / गन्धारेभिः¹ gandhāraiḥ / gandhārebhiḥ¹
Dative	गन्धाराय gandhārāya	गन्धाराभ्याम् gandhārābhyām	गन्धारेभ्यः gandhārebhyaḥ
Ablative	गन्धारात् gandhārāt	गन्धाराभ्याम् gandhārābhyām	गन्धारेभ्यः gandhārebhyaḥ
Genitive	गन्धारस्य gandhārasya	गन्धारयोः gandhārayoḥ	गन्धाराणाम् gandhārāṇām
Locative	गन्धारे gandhāre	गन्धारयोः gandhārayoḥ	गन्धारेषु gandhāreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Gandhari: 𐨒𐨎𐨢𐨪 (gaṃdhara)
• Hindustani:

  → Hindi: गंधार (gandhār) (learned)

  → Urdu: گندھار (gandhār) (learned)

• → Middle Chinese: 犍陀羅 (kɨɐn dɑ lɑ)
  • Chinese: 犍陀羅／犍陀罗 (Jiāntuóluó)
• → Burmese: ဂန္ဓာရ (gandhara.)
• → English: Gandhara
• → Old Persian: 𐎥𐎭𐎠𐎼 (Gaⁿdāraʰ)
  • → Akkadian:

    Late Babylonian: 𒂵𒀭𒁕𒊑 (ga-an-da-ri /⁠Gandari⁠/), 𒃶𒁕𒅈 (gan-da-ar /⁠Gandar⁠/), 𒃶𒁕𒊏 (gan-da-ra /⁠Gandara⁠/), 𒃶𒁕𒊑 (gan-da-ri /⁠Gandari⁠/), 𒅗𒀭𒁕𒊏 (ka-an-da-ra /⁠Kandara⁠/)

  • → Elamite:

    Achaemenid Elamite: 𒋡𒅔𒁕𒅕 (ka₄-in-da-ir /⁠Kaindair⁠/), 𒃷𒁕𒊏 (kán-da-ra /⁠Kandara⁠/), 𒃷𒁕𒌇 (kán-da-ráš /⁠Kandaraš⁠/)

• → Russian: Гандхара (Gandxara)
• → Thai: คันธาระ (khanṭhāra)

References

• Apte, Macdonell (2022) “गन्धार”, in Digital Dictionaries of South India [Combined Sanskrit Dictionaries]