Sanskrit edit

Alternative scripts edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćáyHwas, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱéyH-wo-s, from *ḱey-.[1] Cognate with Proto-Germanic *hīwō (fortune), Latin civis (citizen).[2]

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

शेव (śéva) stem

  1. dear, precious

Declension edit

Masculine a-stem declension of शेव (śéva)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शेवः
śévaḥ
शेवौ / शेवा¹
śévau / śévā¹
शेवाः / शेवासः¹
śévāḥ / śévāsaḥ¹
Vocative शेव
śéva
शेवौ / शेवा¹
śévau / śévā¹
शेवाः / शेवासः¹
śévāḥ / śévāsaḥ¹
Accusative शेवम्
śévam
शेवौ / शेवा¹
śévau / śévā¹
शेवान्
śévān
Instrumental शेवेन
śévena
शेवाभ्याम्
śévābhyām
शेवैः / शेवेभिः¹
śévaiḥ / śévebhiḥ¹
Dative शेवाय
śévāya
शेवाभ्याम्
śévābhyām
शेवेभ्यः
śévebhyaḥ
Ablative शेवात्
śévāt
शेवाभ्याम्
śévābhyām
शेवेभ्यः
śévebhyaḥ
Genitive शेवस्य
śévasya
शेवयोः
śévayoḥ
शेवानाम्
śévānām
Locative शेवे
śéve
शेवयोः
śévayoḥ
शेवेषु
śéveṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ā-stem declension of शेवा (śévā)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शेवा
śévā
शेवे
śéve
शेवाः
śévāḥ
Vocative शेवे
śéve
शेवे
śéve
शेवाः
śévāḥ
Accusative शेवाम्
śévām
शेवे
śéve
शेवाः
śévāḥ
Instrumental शेवया / शेवा¹
śévayā / śévā¹
शेवाभ्याम्
śévābhyām
शेवाभिः
śévābhiḥ
Dative शेवायै
śévāyai
शेवाभ्याम्
śévābhyām
शेवाभ्यः
śévābhyaḥ
Ablative शेवायाः / शेवायै²
śévāyāḥ / śévāyai²
शेवाभ्याम्
śévābhyām
शेवाभ्यः
śévābhyaḥ
Genitive शेवायाः / शेवायै²
śévāyāḥ / śévāyai²
शेवयोः
śévayoḥ
शेवानाम्
śévānām
Locative शेवायाम्
śévāyām
शेवयोः
śévayoḥ
शेवासु
śévāsu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter a-stem declension of शेव (śéva)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शेवम्
śévam
शेवे
śéve
शेवानि / शेवा¹
śévāni / śévā¹
Vocative शेव
śéva
शेवे
śéve
शेवानि / शेवा¹
śévāni / śévā¹
Accusative शेवम्
śévam
शेवे
śéve
शेवानि / शेवा¹
śévāni / śévā¹
Instrumental शेवेन
śévena
शेवाभ्याम्
śévābhyām
शेवैः / शेवेभिः¹
śévaiḥ / śévebhiḥ¹
Dative शेवाय
śévāya
शेवाभ्याम्
śévābhyām
शेवेभ्यः
śévebhyaḥ
Ablative शेवात्
śévāt
शेवाभ्याम्
śévābhyām
शेवेभ्यः
śévebhyaḥ
Genitive शेवस्य
śévasya
शेवयोः
śévayoḥ
शेवानाम्
śévānām
Locative शेवे
śéve
शेवयोः
śévayoḥ
शेवेषु
śéveṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Related terms edit

References edit

  1. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “śéva-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  2. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 654-5