श्यामल

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit श्यामल (śyāmala). Related to श्याम (śyām). Doublet of साँवला (sā̃vlā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ʃjɑː.məl/, [ʃjäː.mɐl]

Adjective

श्यामल • (śyāmal) (indeclinable)

1. blackish, dark
2. verdant

Sanskrit

Etymology

From श्याम (śyāma) +‎ -ल (-la).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕjɑː.mɐ.lɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɕjɑː.mɐ.l̪ɐ/

Noun

श्यामल • (śyāmala) stem, m (root श्यै)

1. black (the colour)
2. a kind of bee L.
3. Terminalia arjuna PañcavBr. Sch.
4. a species of plant serving as a substitute for the सोम plant (= पूतीक) KātyṠr. Sch.
5. the sacred fig tree
6. black pepper

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of श्यामल (śyāmalá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	श्यामलः śyāmaláḥ	श्यामलौ / श्यामला¹ śyāmalaú / śyāmalā́¹	श्यामलाः / श्यामलासः¹ śyāmalā́ḥ / śyāmalā́saḥ¹
Vocative	श्यामल śyā́mala	श्यामलौ / श्यामला¹ śyā́malau / śyā́malā¹	श्यामलाः / श्यामलासः¹ śyā́malāḥ / śyā́malāsaḥ¹
Accusative	श्यामलम् śyāmalám	श्यामलौ / श्यामला¹ śyāmalaú / śyāmalā́¹	श्यामलान् śyāmalā́n
Instrumental	श्यामलेन śyāmaléna	श्यामलाभ्याम् śyāmalā́bhyām	श्यामलैः / श्यामलेभिः¹ śyāmalaíḥ / śyāmalébhiḥ¹
Dative	श्यामलाय śyāmalā́ya	श्यामलाभ्याम् śyāmalā́bhyām	श्यामलेभ्यः śyāmalébhyaḥ
Ablative	श्यामलात् śyāmalā́t	श्यामलाभ्याम् śyāmalā́bhyām	श्यामलेभ्यः śyāmalébhyaḥ
Genitive	श्यामलस्य śyāmalásya	श्यामलयोः śyāmaláyoḥ	श्यामलानाम् śyāmalā́nām
Locative	श्यामले śyāmalé	श्यामलयोः śyāmaláyoḥ	श्यामलेषु śyāmaléṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• श्यामलता (śyāmalatā)
• श्यामलत्व (śyāmalatva)
• श्यामलक (śyāmalaka)

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀫𑀮 (sāmala)
  • Gujarati: સામળું (sāmaḷũ)
  • Hindustani:
    • Braj: साँवर (sā̃var)
    • Hindi: साँवला (sā̃vlā)
• → Tamil: சியாமளன் (ciyāmaḷaṉ)
• → Hindi: श्यामल (śyāmal)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śyāmalá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 734