ḥwꜥ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /huːɑː/
  • Conventional anglicization: hua

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) short in length [since the Middle Kingdom]
2. (intransitive, of food and drink) to be(come) scarce, limited [Late Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥwꜥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḥwꜥ, geminated stem: ḥwꜥꜥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḥwꜥ	ḥwꜥw, ḥwꜥ	ḥwꜥt	ḥwꜥ	ḥwꜥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḥwꜥ	ḥr ḥwꜥ	m ḥwꜥ	r ḥwꜥ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	ḥwꜥ.n	consecutive	ḥwꜥ.jn
terminative	ḥwꜥt
perfective3	ḥwꜥ	obligative1	ḥwꜥ.ḫr
imperfective	ḥwꜥ
prospective3	ḥwꜥ	potentialis1	ḥwꜥ.kꜣ
subjunctive	ḥwꜥ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	ḥwꜥ.n	—	—
perfective	ḥwꜥ	ḥwꜥ	ḥwꜥ, ḥwꜥw5, ḥwꜥy5
imperfective	ḥwꜥ, ḥwꜥy, ḥwꜥw5	ḥwꜥ, ḥwꜥj6, ḥwꜥy6	ḥwꜥ, ḥwꜥw5
prospective	ḥwꜥ, ḥwꜥtj7	ḥwꜥtj4, ḥwꜥt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥwꜥ  

ḥꜥ

Derived terms

• ḥwꜥ jb

Noun

 m

1. dwarf, short person

Inflection

Declension of ḥwꜥ (masculine)

singular	ḥwꜥ
dual	ḥwꜥwj
plural	ḥwꜥw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥwꜥ  

ḥꜥw

plural

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 51.12–51.17, 52
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 166