ἀνύω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἀνύτω (anútō), ἁνύτω (hanútō) — Attic
• ἄνυμι (ánumi) — Epic, Doric

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *senH- (“to seek, accomplish, work on, succeed”). Cognate with Sanskrit सन् (san, “to gain, acquire, be successful”), as well as perhaps Hittite [script needed] (sanh-, “to intend; to strive for; to seek”). See also αὐθέντης (authéntēs).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.ný.ɔː/ → /aˈny.o/ → /aˈni.o/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.ný.ɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aˈny.o/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aˈny.o/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /aˈny.o/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈni.o/

Verb

ἀνύω • (anúō)

1. to cause, effect, accomplish
2. to consume
3. to pass over

Usage notes

• Besides "normal" thematic imperfective forms, an athematic form is also attested: ἤνυτο (ḗnuto, “it was accomplished”) in Homer, Odyssey 5.243.

Inflection

   Present: ἀνῠ́ω, ἀνῠ́ομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἀνῠ́ω	ἀνῠ́εις	ἀνῠ́ει	ἀνῠ́ετον	ἀνῠ́ετον	ἀνῠ́ομεν	ἀνῠ́ετε	ἀνῠ́ουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἀνῠ́ω	ἀνῠ́ῃς	ἀνῠ́ῃ	ἀνῠ́ητον	ἀνῠ́ητον	ἀνῠ́ωμεν	ἀνῠ́ητε	ἀνῠ́ωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἀνῠ́οιμῐ	ἀνῠ́οις	ἀνῠ́οι	ἀνῠ́οιτον	ἀνῠοίτην	ἀνῠ́οιμεν	ἀνῠ́οιτε	ἀνῠ́οιεν
	imperative		ἄνῠε	ἀνῠέτω	ἀνῠ́ετον	ἀνῠέτων		ἀνῠ́ετε	ἀνῠόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἀνῠ́ομαι	ἀνῠ́ῃ, ἀνῠ́ει	ἀνῠ́εται	ἀνῠ́εσθον	ἀνῠ́εσθον	ἀνῠόμεθᾰ	ἀνῠ́εσθε	ἀνῠ́ονται
	subjunctive	ἀνῠ́ωμαι	ἀνῠ́ῃ	ἀνῠ́ηται	ἀνῠ́ησθον	ἀνῠ́ησθον	ἀνῠώμεθᾰ	ἀνῠ́ησθε	ἀνῠ́ωνται
	optative	ἀνῠοίμην	ἀνῠ́οιο	ἀνῠ́οιτο	ἀνῠ́οισθον	ἀνῠοίσθην	ἀνῠοίμεθᾰ	ἀνῠ́οισθε	ἀνῠ́οιντο
	imperative		ἀνῠ́ου	ἀνῠέσθω	ἀνῠ́εσθον	ἀνῠέσθων		ἀνῠ́εσθε	ἀνῠέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἀνῠ́ειν				ἀνῠ́εσθαι
participle	m	ἀνῠ́ων				ἀνῠόμενος
	f	ἀνῠ́ουσᾰ				ἀνῠομένη
	n	ἀνῠ́ον				ἀνῠόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἤνῠον, ἠνῠόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἤνῠον	ἤνῠες	ἤνῠε(ν)	ἠνῠ́ετον	ἠνῠέτην	ἠνῠ́ομεν	ἠνῠ́ετε	ἤνῠον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἠνῠόμην	ἠνῠ́ου	ἠνῠ́ετο	ἠνῠ́εσθον	ἠνῠέσθην	ἠνῠόμεθᾰ	ἠνῠ́εσθε	ἠνῠ́οντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: ἀνῠ́σω, ἀνῠ́σομαι, ἀνῠσθήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἀνῠ́σω	ἀνῠ́σεις	ἀνῠ́σει	ἀνῠ́σετον	ἀνῠ́σετον	ἀνῠ́σομεν	ἀνῠ́σετε	ἀνῠ́σουσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἀνῠ́σοιμῐ	ἀνῠ́σοις	ἀνῠ́σοι	ἀνῠ́σοιτον	ἀνῠσοίτην	ἀνῠ́σοιμεν	ἀνῠ́σοιτε	ἀνῠ́σοιεν
middle	indicative	ἀνῠ́σομαι	ἀνῠ́σῃ, ἀνῠ́σει	ἀνῠ́σεται	ἀνῠ́σεσθον	ἀνῠ́σεσθον	ἀνῠσόμεθᾰ	ἀνῠ́σεσθε	ἀνῠ́σονται
	optative	ἀνῠσοίμην	ἀνῠ́σοιο	ἀνῠ́σοιτο	ἀνῠ́σοισθον	ἀνῠσοίσθην	ἀνῠσοίμεθᾰ	ἀνῠ́σοισθε	ἀνῠ́σοιντο
passive	indicative	ἀνῠσθήσομαι	ἀνῠσθήσῃ	ἀνῠσθήσεται	ἀνῠσθήσεσθον	ἀνῠσθήσεσθον	ἀνῠσθησόμεθᾰ	ἀνῠσθήσεσθε	ἀνῠσθήσονται
	optative	ἀνῠσθησοίμην	ἀνῠσθήσοιο	ἀνῠσθήσοιτο	ἀνῠσθήσοισθον	ἀνῠσθησοίσθην	ἀνῠσθησοίμεθᾰ	ἀνῠσθήσοισθε	ἀνῠσθήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ἀνῠ́σειν			ἀνῠ́σεσθαι		ἀνῠσθήσεσθαι
participle	m	ἀνῠ́σων			ἀνῠσόμενος		ἀνῠσθησόμενος
	f	ἀνῠ́σουσᾰ			ἀνῠσομένη		ἀνῠσθησομένη
	n	ἀνῠ́σον			ἀνῠσόμενον		ἀνῠσθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἤνῠσᾰ, ἠνῠσᾰ́μην, ἠνῠ́σθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἤνῠσᾰ	ἤνῠσᾰς	ἤνῠσε(ν)	ἠνῠ́σᾰτον	ἠνῠσᾰ́την	ἠνῠ́σᾰμεν	ἠνῠ́σᾰτε	ἤνῠσᾰν
	subjunctive	ἀνῠ́σω	ἀνῠ́σῃς	ἀνῠ́σῃ	ἀνῠ́σητον	ἀνῠ́σητον	ἀνῠ́σωμεν	ἀνῠ́σητε	ἀνῠ́σωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἀνῠ́σαιμῐ	ἀνῠ́σειᾰς, ἀνῠ́σαις	ἀνῠ́σειε(ν), ἀνῠ́σαι	ἀνῠ́σαιτον	ἀνῠσαίτην	ἀνῠ́σαιμεν	ἀνῠ́σαιτε	ἀνῠ́σειᾰν, ἀνῠ́σαιεν
	imperative		ἄνῠσον	ἀνῠσᾰ́τω	ἀνῠ́σᾰτον	ἀνῠσᾰ́των		ἀνῠ́σᾰτε	ἀνῠσᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἠνῠσᾰ́μην	ἠνῠ́σω	ἠνῠ́σᾰτο	ἠνῠ́σᾰσθον	ἠνῠσᾰ́σθην	ἠνῠσᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἠνῠ́σᾰσθε	ἠνῠ́σᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἀνῠ́σωμαι	ἀνῠ́σῃ	ἀνῠ́σηται	ἀνῠ́σησθον	ἀνῠ́σησθον	ἀνῠσώμεθᾰ	ἀνῠ́σησθε	ἀνῠ́σωνται
	optative	ἀνῠσαίμην	ἀνῠ́σαιο	ἀνῠ́σαιτο	ἀνῠ́σαισθον	ἀνῠσαίσθην	ἀνῠσαίμεθᾰ	ἀνῠ́σαισθε	ἀνῠ́σαιντο
	imperative		ἄνῠσαι	ἀνῠσᾰ́σθω	ἀνῠ́σᾰσθον	ἀνῠσᾰ́σθων		ἀνῠ́σᾰσθε	ἀνῠσᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ἠνῠ́σθην	ἠνῠ́σθης	ἠνῠ́σθη	ἠνῠ́σθητον	ἠνῠσθήτην	ἠνῠ́σθημεν	ἠνῠ́σθητε	ἠνῠ́σθησᾰν
	subjunctive	ἀνῠσθῶ	ἀνῠσθῇς	ἀνῠσθῇ	ἀνῠσθῆτον	ἀνῠσθῆτον	ἀνῠσθῶμεν	ἀνῠσθῆτε	ἀνῠσθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἀνῠσθείην	ἀνῠσθείης	ἀνῠσθείη	ἀνῠσθεῖτον, ἀνῠσθείητον	ἀνῠσθείτην, ἀνῠσθειήτην	ἀνῠσθεῖμεν, ἀνῠσθείημεν	ἀνῠσθεῖτε, ἀνῠσθείητε	ἀνῠσθεῖεν, ἀνῠσθείησᾰν
	imperative		ἀνῠ́σθητῐ	ἀνῠσθήτω	ἀνῠ́σθητον	ἀνῠσθήτων		ἀνῠ́σθητε	ἀνῠσθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ἀνῠ́σαι			ἀνῠ́σᾰσθαι		ἀνῠσθῆναι
participle	m	ἀνῠ́σᾱς			ἀνῠσᾰ́μενος		ἀνῠσθείς
	f	ἀνῠ́σᾱσᾰ			ἀνῠσᾰμένη		ἀνῠσθεῖσᾰ
	n	ἀνῠ́σᾰν			ἀνῠσᾰ́μενον		ἀνῠσθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἤνῠσσᾰ, ἠνῠσσᾰ́μην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἤνῠσσᾰ	ἤνῠσσᾰς	ἤνῠσσε(ν)	ἠνῠ́σσᾰτον	ἠνῠσσᾰ́την	ἠνῠ́σσᾰμεν	ἠνῠ́σσᾰτε	ἤνῠσσᾰν
	subjunctive	ἀνῠ́σσω, ἀνῠ́σσωμῐ	ἀνῠ́σσῃς, ἀνῠ́σσῃσθᾰ	ἀνῠ́σσῃ, ἀνῠ́σσῃσῐ	ἀνῠ́σσητον	ἀνῠ́σσητον	ἀνῠ́σσωμεν	ἀνῠ́σσητε	ἀνῠ́σσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἀνῠ́σσαιμῐ	ἀνῠ́σσαις, ἀνῠ́σσαισθᾰ, ἀνῠ́σσειᾰς	ἀνῠ́σσειε(ν), ἀνῠ́σσαι	ἀνῠσσεῖτον	ἀνῠσσείτην	ἀνῠσσεῖμεν	ἀνῠσσεῖτε	ἀνῠσσεῖεν
	imperative		ἄνῠσσον	ἀνῠσσᾰ́τω	ἀνῠ́σσᾰτον	ἀνῠσσᾰ́των		ἀνῠ́σσᾰτε	ἀνῠσσᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἠνῠσσᾰ́μην	ἠνῠ́σσᾰο	ἠνῠ́σσᾰτο	ἠνῠ́σσᾰσθον	ἠνῠσσᾰ́σθην	ἠνῠσσᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ	ἠνῠ́σσᾰσθε	ἠνῠ́σσᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἀνῠ́σσωμαι	ἀνῠ́σσηαι	ἀνῠ́σσηται	ἀνῠ́σσησθον	ἀνῠ́σσησθον	ἀνῠσσώμε(σ)θᾰ	ἀνῠ́σσησθε	ἀνῠ́σσωνται
	optative	ἀνῠσσαίμην	ἀνῠ́σσαιο	ἀνῠ́σσαιτο	ἀνῠ́σσαισθον	ἀνῠσσαίσθην	ἀνῠσσαίμε(σ)θᾰ	ἀνῠ́σσαισθε	ἀνῠσσαίᾰτο
	imperative		ἄνῠσσαι	ἀνῠσσᾰ́σθω	ἀνῠ́σσᾰσθον	ἀνῠσσᾰ́σθων		ἀνῠ́σσᾰσθε	ἀνῠσσᾰ́σθων
		active			middle
infinitive		ἀνῠ́σσαι/ἀνῠσσᾰ́μεν/ἀνῠσσᾰμέναι			ἀνῠ́σσᾰσθαι
participle	m	ἀνῠ́σσᾱς			ἀνῠσσᾰ́μενος
	f	ἀνῠ́σσᾱσᾰ			ἀνῠσσᾰμένη
	n	ἀνῠ́σσᾰν			ἀνῠσσᾰ́μενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἄνῠσσᾰ, ἀνῠσσᾰ́μην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἄνῠσσᾰ	ἄνῠσσᾰς	ἄνῠσσε(ν)	ἀνῠ́σσᾰτον	ἀνῠσσᾰ́την	ἀνῠ́σσᾰμεν	ἀνῠ́σσᾰτε	ἄνῠσσᾰν
middle	indicative	ἀνῠσσᾰ́μην	ἀνῠ́σσᾰο	ἀνῠ́σσᾰτο	ἀνῠ́σσᾰσθον	ἀνῠσσᾰ́σθην	ἀνῠσσᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ	ἀνῠ́σσᾰσθε	ἀνῠ́σσᾰντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Perfect: ἤνῠκᾰ, ἤνῠσμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἤνῠκᾰ	ἤνῠκᾰς	ἤνῠκε(ν)	ἠνῠ́κᾰτον	ἠνῠ́κᾰτον	ἠνῠ́κᾰμεν	ἠνῠ́κᾰτε	ἠνῠ́κᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἠνῠ́κω	ἠνῠ́κῃς	ἠνῠ́κῃ	ἠνῠ́κητον	ἠνῠ́κητον	ἠνῠ́κωμεν	ἠνῠ́κητε	ἠνῠ́κωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἠνῠ́κοιμῐ, ἠνῠκοίην	ἠνῠ́κοις, ἠνῠκοίης	ἠνῠ́κοι, ἠνῠκοίη	ἠνῠ́κοιτον	ἠνῠκοίτην	ἠνῠ́κοιμεν	ἠνῠ́κοιτε	ἠνῠ́κοιεν
	imperative		ἤνῠκε	ἠνῠκέτω	ἠνῠ́κετον	ἠνῠκέτων		ἠνῠ́κετε	ἠνῠκόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἤνῠσμαι	ἤνῠσαι	ἤνῠσται	ἤνῠσθον	ἤνῠσθον	ἠνῠ́σμεθᾰ	ἤνῠσθε	ἠνῠ́τᾰται
	subjunctive	ἠνῠσμένος ὦ	ἠνῠσμένος ᾖς	ἠνῠσμένος ᾖ	ἠνῠσμένω ἦτον	ἠνῠσμένω ἦτον	ἠνῠσμένοι ὦμεν	ἠνῠσμένοι ἦτε	ἠνῠσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἠνῠσμένος εἴην	ἠνῠσμένος εἴης	ἠνῠσμένος εἴη	ἠνῠσμένω εἴητον/εἶτον	ἠνῠσμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	ἠνῠσμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	ἠνῠσμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	ἠνῠσμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		ἤνῠσο	ἠνῠ́σθω	ἤνῠσθον	ἠνῠ́σθων		ἤνῠσθε	ἠνῠ́σθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἠνῠκέναι				ἠνῠ́σθαι
participle	m	ἠνῠκώς				ἠνῠσμένος
	f	ἠνῠκυῖᾰ				ἠνῠσμένη
	n	ἠνῠκός				ἠνῠσμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• διανύω (dianúō)

 

Further reading

• ἀνύω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀνύω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “ἀνύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • accomplish idem, page 6.
  • carry idem, page 115.
  • complete idem, page 152.
  • cover idem, page 180.
  • distance idem, page 240.
  • do idem, page 245.
  • effect idem, page 262.
  • finish idem, page 321.
  • fulfil idem, page 348.
  • journey idem, page 464.
  • pass idem, page 595.
  • perfect idem, page 607.
• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 369
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 532
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) “0906”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0906
• “ἀνύω”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011