ἵκω
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-European *seyk- (“to reach (for)”); cognate with Lithuanian síekti (“to reach”), Tocharian B siknaṃ (“to set foot”). The synonyms ἱκάνω (hikánō) and ἱκνέομαι (hiknéomai) are from the same root, with a nasal suffix. Possibly cognate with ἥκω (hḗkō, “to have arrived, be present”).[1]
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hǐː.kɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)i.ko/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈi.ko/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈi.ko/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈi.ko/
Verb
editῑ̔́κω • (hī́kō)
- (intransitive) to come
- (transitive) to come to, arrive at
- (transitive) to reach
- (transitive) to come upon (befall, affect)
Conjugation
edit Present: ῑ̔́κω, ῑ̔́κομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ῑ̔́κω | ῑ̔́κεις | ῑ̔́κει | ῑ̔́κετον | ῑ̔́κετον | ῑ̔́κομεν | ῑ̔́κετε | ῑ̔́κουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔́κω | ῑ̔́κῃς | ῑ̔́κῃ | ῑ̔́κητον | ῑ̔́κητον | ῑ̔́κωμεν | ῑ̔́κητε | ῑ̔́κωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ῑ̔́κοιμῐ | ῑ̔́κοις | ῑ̔́κοι | ῑ̔́κοιτον | ῑ̔κοίτην | ῑ̔́κοιμεν | ῑ̔́κοιτε | ῑ̔́κοιεν | |||||
imperative | ἷκε | ῑ̔κέτω | ῑ̔́κετον | ῑ̔κέτων | ῑ̔́κετε | ῑ̔κόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ῑ̔́κομαι | ῑ̔́κῃ, ῑ̔́κει |
ῑ̔́κεται | ῑ̔́κεσθον | ῑ̔́κεσθον | ῑ̔κόμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́κεσθε | ῑ̔́κονται | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔́κωμαι | ῑ̔́κῃ | ῑ̔́κηται | ῑ̔́κησθον | ῑ̔́κησθον | ῑ̔κώμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́κησθε | ῑ̔́κωνται | |||||
optative | ῑ̔κοίμην | ῑ̔́κοιο | ῑ̔́κοιτο | ῑ̔́κοισθον | ῑ̔κοίσθην | ῑ̔κοίμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́κοισθε | ῑ̔́κοιντο | |||||
imperative | ῑ̔́κου | ῑ̔κέσθω | ῑ̔́κεσθον | ῑ̔κέσθων | ῑ̔́κεσθε | ῑ̔κέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔́κειν | ῑ̔́κεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔́κων | ῑ̔κόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ῑ̔́κουσᾰ | ῑ̔κομένη | |||||||||||
n | ἷκον | ῑ̔κόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἷκον | ἷκες | ἷκε(ν) | ῑ̔́κετον | ῑ̔κέτην | ῑ̔́κομεν | ῑ̔́κετε | ἷκον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ῑ̔κόμην | ῑ̔́κου | ῑ̔́κετο | ῑ̔́κεσθον | ῑ̔κέσθην | ῑ̔κόμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́κεσθε | ῑ̔́κοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ῑ̔́ξω | ῑ̔́ξεις | ῑ̔́ξει | ῑ̔́ξετον | ῑ̔́ξετον | ῑ̔́ξομεν | ῑ̔́ξετε | ῑ̔́ξουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ῑ̔́ξοιμῐ | ῑ̔́ξοις | ῑ̔́ξοι | ῑ̔́ξοιτον | ῑ̔ξοίτην | ῑ̔́ξοιμεν | ῑ̔́ξοιτε | ῑ̔́ξοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | ῑ̔́ξομαι | ῑ̔́ξῃ, ῑ̔́ξει |
ῑ̔́ξεται | ῑ̔́ξεσθον | ῑ̔́ξεσθον | ῑ̔ξόμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́ξεσθε | ῑ̔́ξονται | ||||
optative | ῑ̔ξοίμην | ῑ̔́ξοιο | ῑ̔́ξοιτο | ῑ̔́ξοισθον | ῑ̔ξοίσθην | ῑ̔ξοίμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́ξοισθε | ῑ̔́ξοιντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔́ξειν | ῑ̔́ξεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔́ξων | ῑ̔ξόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ῑ̔́ξουσᾰ | ῑ̔ξομένη | |||||||||||
n | ἷξον | ῑ̔ξόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἷξᾰ | ἷξᾰς | ἷξε(ν) | ῑ̔́ξᾰτον | ῑ̔ξᾰ́την | ῑ̔́ξᾰμεν | ῑ̔́ξᾰτε | ἷξᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔́ξω | ῑ̔́ξῃς | ῑ̔́ξῃ | ῑ̔́ξητον | ῑ̔́ξητον | ῑ̔́ξωμεν | ῑ̔́ξητε | ῑ̔́ξωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ῑ̔́ξαιμῐ | ῑ̔́ξειᾰς, ῑ̔́ξαις |
ῑ̔́ξειε(ν), ῑ̔́ξαι |
ῑ̔́ξαιτον | ῑ̔ξαίτην | ῑ̔́ξαιμεν | ῑ̔́ξαιτε | ῑ̔́ξειᾰν, ῑ̔́ξαιεν | |||||
imperative | ἷξον | ῑ̔ξᾰ́τω | ῑ̔́ξᾰτον | ῑ̔ξᾰ́των | ῑ̔́ξᾰτε | ῑ̔ξᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ῑ̔ξᾰ́μην | ῑ̔́ξω | ῑ̔́ξᾰτο | ῑ̔́ξᾰσθον | ῑ̔ξᾰ́σθην | ῑ̔ξᾰ́μεθᾰ | ῑ̔́ξᾰσθε | ῑ̔́ξᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔́ξωμαι | ῑ̔́ξῃ | ῑ̔́ξηται | ῑ̔́ξησθον | ῑ̔́ξησθον | ῑ̔ξώμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́ξησθε | ῑ̔́ξωνται | |||||
optative | ῑ̔ξαίμην | ῑ̔́ξαιο | ῑ̔́ξαιτο | ῑ̔́ξαισθον | ῑ̔ξαίσθην | ῑ̔ξαίμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́ξαισθε | ῑ̔́ξαιντο | |||||
imperative | ἷξαι | ῑ̔ξᾰ́σθω | ῑ̔́ξᾰσθον | ῑ̔ξᾰ́σθων | ῑ̔́ξᾰσθε | ῑ̔ξᾰ́σθων | |||||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ἷξαι | ῑ̔́ξᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔́ξᾱς | ῑ̔ξᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
f | ῑ̔́ξᾱσᾰ | ῑ̔ξᾰμένη | |||||||||||
n | ἷξᾰν | ῑ̔ξᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἷξον | ἷξες | ἷξε(ν) | ῑ̔́ξετον | ῑ̔ξέτην | ῑ̔́ξομεν | ῑ̔́ξετε | ἷξον | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔́ξω | ῑ̔́ξῃς | ῑ̔́ξῃ | ῑ̔́ξητον | ῑ̔́ξητον | ῑ̔́ξωμεν | ῑ̔́ξητε | ῑ̔́ξωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ῑ̔́ξοιμῐ | ῑ̔́ξοις | ῑ̔́ξοι | ῑ̔́ξοιτον | ῑ̔ξοίτην | ῑ̔́ξοιμεν | ῑ̔́ξοιτε | ῑ̔́ξοιεν | |||||
imperative | ἷξε | ῑ̔ξέτω | ῑ̔́ξετον | ῑ̔ξέτων | ῑ̔́ξετε | ῑ̔ξόντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ῑ̔ξόμην | ῑ̔́ξου | ῑ̔́ξετο | ῑ̔́ξεσθον | ῑ̔ξέσθην | ῑ̔ξόμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́ξεσθε | ῑ̔́ξοντο | ||||
subjunctive | ῑ̔́ξωμαι | ῑ̔́ξῃ | ῑ̔́ξηται | ῑ̔́ξησθον | ῑ̔́ξησθον | ῑ̔ξώμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́ξησθε | ῑ̔́ξωνται | |||||
optative | ῑ̔ξοίμην | ῑ̔́ξοιο | ῑ̔́ξοιτο | ῑ̔́ξοισθον | ῑ̔ξοίσθην | ῑ̔ξοίμεθᾰ | ῑ̔́ξοισθε | ῑ̔́ξοιντο | |||||
imperative | ῑ̔ξοῦ | ῑ̔ξέσθω | ῑ̔́ξεσθον | ῑ̔ξέσθων | ῑ̔́ξεσθε | ῑ̔ξέσθων | |||||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ῑ̔ξεῖν | ῑ̔ξέσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ῑ̔ξών | ῑ̔ξόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ῑ̔ξοῦσᾰ | ῑ̔ξομένη | |||||||||||
n | ῑ̔ξόν | ῑ̔ξόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
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Related terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἵκω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 586
Further reading
edit- “ἵκω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ἵκω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963