ⲛⲁⲩ

Coptic

Etymology 1

From Demotic nw (“to see”), from Egyptian (nw, “to look”), from earlier (nwꜣ).

Alternative forms

• ⲛⲉⲩ (neu) — Fayyumic, Lycopolitan
• ⲛⲟ (no) — Akhmimic, Lycopolitan
• ⲛⲁⲟⲩ (naou) — Old Coptic

Verb

ⲛⲁⲩ • (nau) (imperative ⲁⲛⲁⲩ)

1. (Bohairic, Sahidic) to look at, to see
2. (Bohairic, Sahidic) to perceive

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ⲛⲁⲩ (Bohairic dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ⲛⲁⲩ nau	imperative	affirmative	ⲛⲁⲩ nau
	negative	ϣⲧⲉⲙⲛⲁⲩ štemnau		negative	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲛⲁⲩ m̀pernau

			singular					plural			nominal
			1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
				masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ	-
present	basic		ϯⲛⲁⲩ tinau	ⲭⲛⲁⲩ khnau	ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ tenau	ϥⲛⲁⲩ fnau	ⲥⲛⲁⲩ snau	ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ tennau	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ tetennau	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲩ senau	ⲛⲁⲩ nau
	circumstantial		ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲩ einau	ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ ekhnau	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ erenau	ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ efnau	ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ esnau	ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ennau	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ eretennau	ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ eunau	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ ere- nau
	relative		ⲉϯⲛⲁⲩ etinau	ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ etekhnau	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ etenau	ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ etefnau	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ etesnau	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ etennau	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ etetennau	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ etounau	ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ ete- nau
	preterite		ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ nainau	ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ nakhnau	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ narenau	ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ nafnau	ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ nasnau	ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ nannau	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ naretennau	ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ naunau	ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ nare- nau
	focalising		ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ainau	ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ akhnau	ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ arenau	ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ afnau	ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ asnau	ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ annau	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ aretennau	ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ aunau	ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ are- nau
future	basic		ϯⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ tinanau	ⲭⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ khnanau	ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲛⲁⲩ teranau	ϥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ fnanau	ⲥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ snanau	ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ tennanau	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ tetennanau	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ senanau	ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nanau
	circumstantial		ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ einanau	ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ ekhnanau	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ erenanau	ⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ efnanau	ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ esnanau	ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ ennanau	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ eretennanau	ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ eunanau	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ ere- nanau
	relative		ⲉϯⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etinanau	ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etekhnanau	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etenanau	ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etefnanau	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etesnanau	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etennanau	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etetennanau	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etounanau	ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ ete- nanau
	preterite		ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nainanau	ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nakhnanau	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ narenanau	ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nafnanau	ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nasnanau	ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nannanau	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ naretennanau	ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ naunanau	ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nare- nanau
	focalising		ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ ainanau	ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ akhnanau	ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ arenanau	ⲁϥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ afnanau	ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ asnanau	ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ annanau	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ aretennanau	ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ aunanau	ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ are- nanau
negated with			(ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an
non-durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ	-
past	basic	affirmative	ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ainau	ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ akhnau	ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ arenau	ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ afnau	ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ asnau	ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ annau	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ atetennau	ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ aunau	ⲁ- ⲛⲁⲩ a- nau
		negative	ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ m̀pinau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ m̀pekhnau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲁⲩ m̀penau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ m̀pefnau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ m̀pesnau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ m̀pennau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ m̀petennau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ m̀pounau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ m̀pe- nau
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ eainau	ⲉⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ eakhnau	ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ earenau	ⲉⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ eafnau	ⲉⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ easnau	ⲉⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ eannau	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ eatetennau	ⲉⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ eaunau	ⲉⲁ- ⲛⲁⲩ ea- nau
		negative	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ em̀pinau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ em̀pekhnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲁⲩ em̀penau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ em̀pefnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ em̀pesnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ em̀pennau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ em̀petennau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ em̀pounau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ em̀pe- nau
	relative	affirmative	ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ etainau	ⲉⲧⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ etakhnau	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ etarenau	ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ etafnau	ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ etasnau	ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ etannau	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ etaretennau	ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ etaunau	ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲛⲁⲩ eta- nau
		negative	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pinau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pekhnau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲁⲩ etm̀penau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pefnau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pesnau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pennau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ etm̀petennau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pounau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pe- nau
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ neainau	ⲛⲉⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ neakhnau	ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ nearenau	ⲛⲉⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ neafnau	ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ neasnau	ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ neannau	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ neatetennau	ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ neaunau	ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲛⲁⲩ nea- nau
		negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ nem̀pinau	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ nem̀pekhnau	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲁⲩ nem̀penau	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ nem̀pefnau	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ nem̀pesnau	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ nem̀pennau	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ nem̀petennau	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ nem̀pounau	ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ nem̀pe- nau
	focalising, precursive	affirmative	ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ etainau	ⲉⲧⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ etakhnau	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ etarenau	ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ etafnau	ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ etasnau	ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ etannau	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ etaretennau	ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ etaunau	ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲛⲁⲩ eta- nau
expectative	basic	negative	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲛⲁⲩ m̀patinau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ m̀patekhnau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ m̀patenau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ m̀patefnau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ m̀patesnau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ m̀patennau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ m̀patetennau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ m̀patounau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ m̀pate- nau
	circumstantial	negative	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲛⲁⲩ em̀patinau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ em̀patekhnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ em̀patenau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ em̀patefnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ em̀patesnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ em̀patennau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ em̀patetennau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ em̀patounau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ em̀pate- nau
	relative	negative	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲛⲁⲩ etm̀patinau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ etm̀patekhnau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ etm̀patenau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ etm̀patefnau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ etm̀patesnau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ etm̀patennau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ etm̀patetennau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ etm̀patounau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pate- nau
	preterite	negative	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲛⲁⲩ nam̀patinau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ nam̀patekhnau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ nam̀patenau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ nam̀patefnau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ nam̀patesnau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ nam̀patennau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ nam̀patetennau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ nam̀patounau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ nam̀pate- nau
aorist	basic	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ šainau	ϣⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ šakhnau	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ šarenau	ϣⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ šafnau	ϣⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ šasnau	ϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ šannau	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ šatetennau	ϣⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ šaunau	ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ šare- nau
		negative	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ m̀painau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ m̀pakhnau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ m̀parenau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ m̀pafnau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ m̀pasnau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ m̀pannau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ m̀paretennau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ m̀paunau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ m̀pare- nau
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉϣⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ešainau	ⲉϣⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ ešakhnau	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ ešarenau	ⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ešafnau	ⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ ešasnau	ⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ešannau	ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ešatetennau	ⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ešaunau	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ ešare- nau
		negative	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ em̀painau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ em̀pakhnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ em̀parenau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ em̀pafnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ em̀pasnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ em̀pannau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ em̀paretennau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ em̀paunau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ em̀pare- nau
	relative	affirmative	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ etšainau	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ etšakhnau	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ etšarenau	ⲉⲧϣⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ etšafnau	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ etšasnau	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ etšannau	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ etšatetennau	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ etšaunau	ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ etšare- nau
		negative	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ etm̀painau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pakhnau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ etm̀parenau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pafnau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pasnau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pannau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ etm̀paretennau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ etm̀paunau	ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ etm̀pare- nau
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ našainau	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ našakhnau	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ našarenau	ⲛⲁϣⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ našafnau	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ našasnau	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ našannau	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ našatetennau	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ našaunau	ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ našare- nau
		negative	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ nam̀painau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ nam̀pakhnau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ nam̀parenau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ nam̀pafnau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ nam̀pasnau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ nam̀pannau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ nam̀paretennau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ nam̀paunau	ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ nam̀pare- nau
	focalising	affirmative	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ em̀painau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ em̀pakhnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ em̀parenau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ em̀pafnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ em̀pasnau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ em̀pannau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ em̀paretennau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ em̀paunau	ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ em̀pare- nau
optative	basic	affirmative	ⲉⲓⲉⲛⲁⲩ eienau	ⲉⲕⲉⲛⲁⲩ ekenau	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ erenau	ⲉϥⲉⲛⲁⲩ efenau	ⲉⲥⲉⲛⲁⲩ esenau	ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲁⲩ enenau	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲛⲁⲩ eretenenau	ⲉⲩⲉⲛⲁⲩ euenau	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ ere- nau
		negative	ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ ǹnanau	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ ǹnekhnau	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲁⲩ ǹnenau	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ǹnefnau	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ǹnesnau	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ǹnennau	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ǹnetennau	ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ ǹnounau	ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ ǹne- nau
jussive	basic	affirmative	ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲛⲁⲩ marinau	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ marefnau	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ maresnau	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ marennau	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ marounau	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ mare- nau
		negative	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲛⲁⲩ m̀penthrinau			ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ m̀penthrefnau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ m̀penthresnau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ m̀penthrennau		ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ m̀penthreunau	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ m̀penthre- nau
subordinate clause
			ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ	-
conjunctive			ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ǹtanau	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ ǹtekhnau	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ ǹtenau	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ǹtefnau	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ǹtesnau	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ǹtennau	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ǹtetennau	ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ ǹsenau, ǹtounau	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ ǹte- nau
future conjunctive			ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲛⲁⲩ tarinau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ tarekhnau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ tarenau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ tarefnau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ taresnau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ tarennau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ taretennau	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ tarounau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ tare- nau
limitative			ϣⲁϯⲛⲁⲩ šatinau	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ šatekhnau	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ šatenau	ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ šatefnau	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ šatesnau	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ šatennau	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ šatetennau	ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ šatounau	ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ šate- nau
conditional	long		ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ aišannau	ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ akšannau	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ arešannau	ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ afšannau	ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ asšannau	ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ anšannau	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ aretenšannau	ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ aušannau	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲛⲁⲩ arešan- nau
	short		ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ainau	ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲩ akhnau	ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ arenau	ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ afnau	ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ asnau	ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ annau	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ aretennau	ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ aunau	ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ are- nau
negated with			ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem-

    Conjugation of ⲛⲁⲩ (Sahidic dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ⲛⲁⲩ nau	imperative	affirmative	ⲛⲁⲩ nau
	negative	ⲧⲙ̄ⲛⲁⲩ tm̄nau		negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄pr̄nau

			singular					plural			nominal
			1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
				masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
present	basic		ϯⲛⲁⲩ tinau	ⲕⲛⲁⲩ knau	ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ tenau	ϥⲛⲁⲩ fnau	ⲥⲛⲁⲩ snau	ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ tn̄nau	ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ tetn̄nau	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲩ senau	ⲛⲁⲩ nau
	circumstantial, focalising		ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ eïnau	ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ eknau	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ erenau	ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ efnau	ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ esnau	ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ennau	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etetn̄nau	ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ eunau	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ ere- nau
	relative		ⲉϯⲛⲁⲩ etinau	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etk̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ etenau, eterenau	ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etf̄nau	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ ets̄nau	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etn̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etetn̄nau	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ etounau	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ etere- nau
	preterite		ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ neïnau	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ neknau	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ nerenau	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ nefnau	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ nesnau	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ nennau	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ netetn̄nau	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ neunau	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ nere- nau
future	basic		ϯⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ tinanau	ⲕⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ knanau	ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ tenanau	ϥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ fnanau	ⲥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ snanau	ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ tn̄nanau	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ tetnanau	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ senanau	ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nanau
	circumstantial, focalising		ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ eïnanau	ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ eknanau	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ erenanau	ⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ efnanau	ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ esnanau	ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ ennanau	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etetnanau	ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ eunanau	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ ere- nanau
	relative		ⲉϯⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etinanau	ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etk̄nanau	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etenanau, eterenanau	ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etf̄nanau	ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ ets̄nanau	ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etn̄nanau	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etetnanau	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etounanau	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ etere- nanau
	preterite		ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ neïnanau	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ neknanau	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nerenanau	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nefnanau	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nesnanau	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nennanau	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ netetnanau	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ neunanau	ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ nere- nanau
negated with			(ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an
non-durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
past	basic	affirmative	ⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ aïnau	ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ aknau	ⲁⲛⲁⲩ, ⲁⲣⲛⲁⲩ, ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ anau, arnau, arenau	ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ afnau	ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ asnau	ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ annau	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ atetn̄nau	ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ aunau	ⲁ- ⲛⲁⲩ a- nau
		negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ m̄pinau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄pk̄nau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲁⲩ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄penau, m̄pr̄nau	ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄pf̄nau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄ps̄nau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄pn̄nau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄petn̄nau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ m̄pounau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ m̄pe- nau
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ eaïnau	ⲉⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ eaknau	ⲉⲁⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉⲁⲣⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ eanau, earnau, earenau	ⲉⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ eafnau	ⲉⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ easnau	ⲉⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ eannau	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ eatetn̄nau	ⲉⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ eaunau	ⲉⲁ- ⲛⲁⲩ ea- nau
		negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ em̄pinau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲩ em̄pk̄nau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲁⲩ em̄penau, em̄pr̄nau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ em̄pf̄nau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ em̄ps̄nau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ em̄pn̄nau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ em̄petn̄nau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ em̄pounau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ em̄pe- nau
	relative	affirmative	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ entaïnau, n̄taïnau	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ entaknau, n̄taknau	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ entanau, n̄tanau, entarnau, n̄tarnau, entarenau, n̄tarenau	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ entafnau, n̄tafnau	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ entasnau, n̄tasnau	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ entannau, n̄tannau	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ entatetn̄nau, n̄tatetn̄nau	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ entaunau, n̄taunau	ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲛⲁⲩ enta- nau, n̄ta- nau
		negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ etem̄pinau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄pk̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄penau, etem̄pr̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄pf̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄ps̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄pn̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄petn̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ etem̄pounau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄pe- nau
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ neaïnau	ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ neaknau	ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ neanau, nearnau, nearenau	ⲛⲉⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ neafnau	ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ neasnau	ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ neannau	ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ neatetn̄nau	ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ neaunau	ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲛⲁⲩ nea- nau
		negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ nem̄pinau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄pk̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄penau, nem̄pr̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄pf̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄ps̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄pn̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄petn̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ nem̄pounau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄pe- nau
	focalising	affirmative	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ n̄taïnau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ n̄taknau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ n̄tanau, n̄tarnau, n̄tarenau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ n̄tafnau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ n̄tasnau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ n̄tannau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ n̄tatetn̄nau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ n̄taunau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲛⲁⲩ n̄ta- nau
expectative	basic	negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲁⲩ m̄patinau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄patk̄nau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ m̄patenau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄patf̄nau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄pats̄nau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄patn̄nau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ m̄patetn̄nau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ m̄patounau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ m̄pate- nau
	circumstantial	negative	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲁⲩ em̄patinau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲩ em̄patk̄nau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ em̄patenau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ em̄patf̄nau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ em̄pats̄nau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ em̄patn̄nau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ em̄patetn̄nau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ em̄patounau	ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ em̄pate- nau
	relative	negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲁⲩ etem̄patinau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄patk̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ etem̄patenau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄patf̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄pats̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄patn̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄patetn̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ etem̄patounau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ etem̄pate- nau
	preterite	negative	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲁⲩ nem̄patinau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄patk̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ nem̄patenau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄patf̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄pats̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄patn̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄patetn̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ nem̄patounau	ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ nem̄pate- nau
aorist	basic	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ šaïnau	ϣⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ šaknau	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ šarenau	ϣⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ šafnau	ϣⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ šasnau	ϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ šannau	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ šatetn̄nau	ϣⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ šaunau	ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ šare- nau
		negative	ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ meïnau	ⲙⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ meknau	ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ merenau	ⲙⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ mefnau	ⲙⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ mesnau	ⲙⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ mennau	ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ metetn̄nau	ⲙⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ meunau	ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ mere- nau
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ ešaïnau	ⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ ešaknau	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ ešarenau	ⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ešafnau	ⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ ešasnau	ⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ešannau	ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ ešatetn̄nau	ⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ešaunau	ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ ešare- nau
		negative	ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ emeïnau	ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ emeknau	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ emerenau	ⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ emefnau	ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ emesnau	ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ emennau	ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ emetetn̄nau	ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ emeunau	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ emere- nau
	relative	affirmative	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ etešaïnau, ešaïnau	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ etešaknau, ešaknau	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ etešarenau, ešarenau	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ etešafnau, ešafnau	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ etešasnau, ešasnau	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ etešannau, ešannau	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etešatetn̄nau, ešatetn̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ etešaunau, ešaunau	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ etešare- nau, ešare- nau
		negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ etemeïnau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ etemeknau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ etemerenau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ etemefnau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ etemesnau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ etemennau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etemetetn̄nau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ etemeunau	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ etemere- nau
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ nešaïnau	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ nešaknau	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ nešarenau	ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ nešafnau	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ nešasnau	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ nešannau	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nešatetn̄nau	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ nešaunau	ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ nešare- nau
		negative	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ nemeïnau	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ nemeknau	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ nemerenau	ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ nemefnau	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ nemesnau	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ nemennau	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ nemetetn̄nau	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ nemeunau	ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ nemere- nau
	focalising	affirmative	ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ emeïnau	ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ emeknau	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ emerenau	ⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ emefnau	ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ emesnau	ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ emennau	ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ emetetn̄nau	ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ emeunau	ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ emere- nau
optative	basic	affirmative	ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲛⲁⲩ eïenau	ⲉⲕⲉⲛⲁⲩ ekenau	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ erenau	ⲉϥⲉⲛⲁⲩ efenau	ⲉⲥⲉⲛⲁⲩ esenau	ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲁⲩ enenau	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲛⲁⲩ etetnenau	ⲉⲩⲉⲛⲁⲩ euenau	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ ere- nau
		negative	ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲩ n̄nanau	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ n̄neknau	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲁⲩ n̄nenau	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ n̄nefnau	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ n̄nesnau	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ n̄nennau	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ n̄netn̄nau	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ n̄neunau	ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ n̄ne- nau
jussive	basic	affirmative	ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲛⲁⲩ marinau	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ marefnau	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ maresnau	ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ marn̄nau	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ marounau	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ mare- nau
		negative	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲛⲁⲩ m̄pr̄tranau			ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ m̄pr̄trefnau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ m̄pr̄tresnau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ m̄pr̄trennau		ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ m̄pr̄treunau	ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ m̄pr̄tre- nau
subordinate clause
			ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄	ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ	-
conjunctive			ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ, ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ n̄tanau, tanau	ⲛ̄ⲅⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲛⲁⲩ n̄gnau, n̄knau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ n̄tenau	ⲛ̄ϥⲛⲁⲩ n̄fnau	ⲛ̄ⲥⲛⲁⲩ n̄snau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ n̄tn̄nau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ n̄tetn̄nau	ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲩ n̄senau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ n̄te- nau
future conjunctive			ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲛⲁⲩ tarinau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ tareknau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ tarenau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ tarefnau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ taresnau	ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ tarn̄nau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ taretn̄nau	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ tarounau	ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ tare- nau
precursive			ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲛⲁⲩ n̄terinau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ n̄tereknau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲛⲁⲩ n̄terenau, n̄terernau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ n̄terefnau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ n̄teresnau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ n̄tern̄nau, n̄terennau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ n̄teretn̄nau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ n̄terounau	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ n̄tere- nau
limitative			ϣⲁⲛϯⲛⲁⲩ šantinau	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲩ šantk̄nau	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲁⲩ šantenau	ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ šantf̄nau	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ šants̄nau	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ šantn̄nau	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ šantetn̄nau	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ šantounau	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ šante- nau
conditional	long		ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ eïšannau	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ekšannau	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ eršannau, erešannau	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ efšannau	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ esšannau	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ enšannau	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ etetn̄šannau	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ eušannau	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲛⲁⲩ eršan- nau
	short		ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲩ eïnau	ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ eknau	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲩ erenau	ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ efnau	ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ esnau	ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ennau	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ etetn̄nau	ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ eunau	ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲩ ere- nau
negated with			ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄-

Noun

ⲛⲁⲩ • (nau) m

1. vision

Derived terms

• ⲣⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ (refnau)

Etymology 2

From Egyptian nw (“hour, moment, time”)

Alternative forms

• ⲛⲟⲩ (nou) — Sahidic
• ⲛⲱ (nō) — Fayyumic
• ⲛⲟ (no) — Akhmimic, Old Coptic
• ⲛⲉⲩ (neu) — Lycopolitan, Fayyumic

Noun

ⲛⲁⲩ • (nau) m

1. (Bohairic, Sahidic) hour, time

   Synonym: ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩ (ounou)

2. (Bohairic, Sahidic) daylight

References

• Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 113
• https://marcion.sourceforge.net/