自主創新

Chinese

		to take the initiative; to act autonomously; to have self-determination	to create and innovate; creation and innovation; originality
trad. (自主創新)		自主	創新
simp. (自主创新)		自主	创新

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zìzhǔ chuàngxīn

  (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄓㄨˇ ㄔㄨㄤˋ ㄒㄧㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶ zyu² cong³ san¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zìzhǔ chuàngxīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄓㄨˇ ㄔㄨㄤˋ ㄒㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zìhjhǔ chuàngsin
    • Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-chu³ chʻuang⁴-hsin¹
    • Yale: dz̀-jǔ chwàng-syīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhjuu chuanqshin
    • Palladius: цзычжу чуансинь (czyčžu čuansinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zi⁶ zyu² cong³ san¹
    • Yale: jih jyú chong sān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ dzy² tsong³ san¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ ju² cong³ sen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² t͡syː³⁵ t͡sʰɔːŋ³³ sɐn⁵⁵/

Noun

自主創新

1. independent innovation; indigenous innovation