경계하다

Korean

Etymology

경계(警戒) (gyeonggye) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈkjɘ(ː)ŋɡje̞ɦa̠da̠] ~ [ˈkjɘ(ː)ŋɡe̞ɦa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [경(ː)계하다/경(ː)게하다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	gyeonggyehada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	gyeonggyehada
McCune–Reischauer?	kyŏnggyehada
Yale Romanization?	kyēngkyeyhata

Verb

경계하다 • (gyeonggyehada) (infinitive 경계해 or 경계하여, sequential 경계하니)

1. (transitive or intransitive) to be vigilant; to watch out

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 경계하다 (gyeonggyehada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	경계한다 gyeonggyehanda	경계해 gyeonggyehae	경계해요 gyeonggyehaeyo	경계합니다 gyeonggyehamnida
	Past	경계했다 gyeonggyehaetda	경계했어 gyeonggyehaesseo	경계했어요 gyeonggyehaesseoyo	경계했습니다 gyeonggyehaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	경계하느냐 gyeonggyehaneunya	경계해 gyeonggyehae	경계해요 gyeonggyehaeyo	경계합니까 gyeonggyehamnikka
	Past	경계했느냐 gyeonggyehaenneunya	경계했어 gyeonggyehaesseo	경계했어요 gyeonggyehaesseoyo	경계했습니까 gyeonggyehaetseumnikka
Hortative		경계하자 gyeonggyehaja	경계해 gyeonggyehae	경계해요 gyeonggyehaeyo	경계하십시다 gyeonggyehasipsida
Imperative		경계해라, 경계하여라 gyeonggyehaera, gyeonggyehayeora	경계해 gyeonggyehae	경계해요 gyeonggyehaeyo	경계합시오 gyeonggyehapsio
Assertive		경계하겠다 gyeonggyehagetda	경계하겠어 gyeonggyehagesseo	경계하겠어요 gyeonggyehagesseoyo	경계하겠습니다 gyeonggyehagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		경계해 gyeonggyehae	경계해서, 경계하여서 gyeonggyehaeseo, gyeonggyehayeoseo	경계하니 gyeonggyehani	경계하니까 gyeonggyehanikka
Contrast		경계하지만 gyeonggyehajiman	경계하는데 gyeonggyehaneunde	경계하더니 gyeonggyehadeoni
Conjunction		경계하고 gyeonggyehago
Condition		경계하면 gyeonggyehamyeon	경계해야, 경계하여야 gyeonggyehaeya, gyeonggyehayeoya
Motive		경계하려고 gyeonggyeharyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		경계함 gyeonggyeham	경계하기 gyeonggyehagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		경계했음, 경계하였음 gyeonggyehaesseum, gyeonggyehayeosseum	경계했기, 경계하였기 gyeonggyehaetgi, gyeonggyehayeotgi
Determiners	Past	경계한 gyeonggyehan
	Present	경계하는 gyeonggyehaneun
	Future	경계할 gyeonggyehal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	경계하신다 gyeonggyehasinda	경계하셔 gyeonggyehasyeo	경계하세요, 경계하셔요 gyeonggyehaseyo, gyeonggyehasyeoyo	경계하십니다 gyeonggyehasimnida
	Past	경계하셨다 gyeonggyehasyeotda	경계하셨어 gyeonggyehasyeosseo	경계하셨어요 gyeonggyehasyeosseoyo	경계하셨습니다 gyeonggyehasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	경계하시느냐 gyeonggyehasineunya	경계하셔 gyeonggyehasyeo	경계하세요, 경계하셔요 gyeonggyehaseyo, gyeonggyehasyeoyo	경계하십니까 gyeonggyehasimnikka
	Past	경계하셨느냐 gyeonggyehasyeonneunya	경계하셨어 gyeonggyehasyeosseo	경계하셨어요 gyeonggyehasyeosseoyo	경계하셨습니까 gyeonggyehasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		경계하시라 gyeonggyehasira	경계하셔 gyeonggyehasyeo	경계하세요 gyeonggyehaseyo	경계하십시오 gyeonggyehasipsio
Assertive		경계하시겠다 gyeonggyehasigetda	경계하시겠어 gyeonggyehasigesseo	경계하시겠어요 gyeonggyehasigesseoyo	경계하시겠습니다 gyeonggyehasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		경계하셔 gyeonggyehasyeo	경계하셔서 gyeonggyehasyeoseo	경계하시니 gyeonggyehasini	경계하시니까 gyeonggyehasinikka
Contrast		경계하시지만 gyeonggyehasijiman	경계하시는데 gyeonggyehasineunde	경계하시더니 gyeonggyehasideoni
Conjunction		경계하시고 gyeonggyehasigo
Condition		경계하시면 gyeonggyehasimyeon	경계하셔야 gyeonggyehasyeoya
Motive		경계하시려고 gyeonggyehasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		경계하심 gyeonggyehasim	경계하시기 gyeonggyehasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		경계하셨음 gyeonggyehasyeosseum	경계하셨기 gyeonggyehasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	경계하신 gyeonggyehasin
	Present	경계하시는 gyeonggyehasineun
	Future	경계하실 gyeonggyehasil