짓이기다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the 증수무원록 / 增修無寃錄, 1792, as Early Modern Korean 즛니기다 (Yale: cus-nikita), from 즛 (jeut, “violently”) + 니기다 (nigida, “to grind”). Equivalent to 짓 (jit-) +‎ 이기다 (igida).

The modern reflexes of 즛 and 니기다 are 짓 (jit) and 이기다 (igida) respectively, leading to the modern orthography. However, speakers have actually perceived the verb as a single unit and not a compound, and thus retained the original pronunciation with /n/. This explains the disconnect between the orthography and pronunciation (otherwise very unusual in Modern Korean orthography for verbs, but 설익다 (seollikda, “to be undercooked”) has the same process).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕinniɡida̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [진니기다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jinnigida
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jis'igida
McCune–Reischauer?	chinnigida
Yale Romanization?	cisnikita

Verb

짓이기다 • (jinnigida) (infinitive 짓이겨 or 짓이기어, sequential 짓이기니)

1. to crush, to trample

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 짓이기다 (jinnigida): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	짓이긴다 jinniginda	짓이겨 jinnigyeo	짓이겨요, 짓이기어요 jinnigyeoyo, jinnigieoyo	짓이깁니다 jinnigimnida
	Past	짓이겼다 jinnigyeotda	짓이겼어 jinnigyeosseo	짓이겼어요 jinnigyeosseoyo	짓이겼습니다 jinnigyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	짓이기느냐 jinnigineunya	짓이겨 jinnigyeo	짓이겨요, 짓이기어요 jinnigyeoyo, jinnigieoyo	짓이깁니까 jinnigimnikka
	Past	짓이겼느냐 jinnigyeonneunya	짓이겼어 jinnigyeosseo	짓이겼어요 jinnigyeosseoyo	짓이겼습니까 jinnigyeotseumnikka
Hortative		짓이기자 jinnigija	짓이겨 jinnigyeo	짓이겨요, 짓이기어요 jinnigyeoyo, jinnigieoyo	짓이기십시다 jinnigisipsida
Imperative		짓이겨라, 짓이기어라 jinnigyeora, jinnigieora	짓이겨 jinnigyeo	짓이겨요, 짓이기어요 jinnigyeoyo, jinnigieoyo	짓이깁시오 jinnigipsio
Assertive		짓이기겠다 jinnigigetda	짓이기겠어 jinnigigesseo	짓이기겠어요 jinnigigesseoyo	짓이기겠습니다 jinnigigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		짓이겨 jinnigyeo	짓이겨서, 짓이기어서 jinnigyeoseo, jinnigieoseo	짓이기니 jinnigini	짓이기니까 jinniginikka
Contrast		짓이기지만 jinnigijiman	짓이기는데 jinnigineunde	짓이기더니 jinnigideoni
Conjunction		짓이기고 jinnigigo
Condition		짓이기면 jinnigimyeon	짓이겨야, 짓이기어야 jinnigyeoya, jinnigieoya
Motive		짓이기려고 jinnigiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		짓이김 jinnigim	짓이기기 jinnigigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		짓이겼음, 짓이기었음 jinnigyeosseum, jinnigieosseum	짓이겼기, 짓이기었기 jinnigyeotgi, jinnigieotgi
Determiners	Past	짓이긴 jinnigin
	Present	짓이기는 jinnigineun
	Future	짓이길 jinnigil

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	짓이기신다 jinnigisinda	짓이기셔 jinnigisyeo	짓이기세요, 짓이기셔요 jinnigiseyo, jinnigisyeoyo	짓이기십니다 jinnigisimnida
	Past	짓이기셨다 jinnigisyeotda	짓이기셨어 jinnigisyeosseo	짓이기셨어요 jinnigisyeosseoyo	짓이기셨습니다 jinnigisyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	짓이기시느냐 jinnigisineunya	짓이기셔 jinnigisyeo	짓이기세요, 짓이기셔요 jinnigiseyo, jinnigisyeoyo	짓이기십니까 jinnigisimnikka
	Past	짓이기셨느냐 jinnigisyeonneunya	짓이기셨어 jinnigisyeosseo	짓이기셨어요 jinnigisyeosseoyo	짓이기셨습니까 jinnigisyeotseumnikka
Imperative		짓이기시라 jinnigisira	짓이기셔 jinnigisyeo	짓이기세요 jinnigiseyo	짓이기십시오 jinnigisipsio
Assertive		짓이기시겠다 jinnigisigetda	짓이기시겠어 jinnigisigesseo	짓이기시겠어요 jinnigisigesseoyo	짓이기시겠습니다 jinnigisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		짓이기셔 jinnigisyeo	짓이기셔서 jinnigisyeoseo	짓이기시니 jinnigisini	짓이기시니까 jinnigisinikka
Contrast		짓이기시지만 jinnigisijiman	짓이기시는데 jinnigisineunde	짓이기시더니 jinnigisideoni
Conjunction		짓이기시고 jinnigisigo
Condition		짓이기시면 jinnigisimyeon	짓이기셔야 jinnigisyeoya
Motive		짓이기시려고 jinnigisiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		짓이기심 jinnigisim	짓이기시기 jinnigisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		짓이기셨음 jinnigisyeosseum	짓이기셨기 jinnigisyeotgi
Determiners	Past	짓이기신 jinnigisin
	Present	짓이기시는 jinnigisineun
	Future	짓이기실 jinnigisil