흔들다

Korean

Etymology

Of native Korean origin.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [xɯndɯɭda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [흔들다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	heundeulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	heundeulda
McCune–Reischauer?	hŭndŭlda
Yale Romanization?	huntulta

Verb

흔들다 • (heundeulda) (infinitive 흔들어, sequential 흔드니)

1. to cause to dangle, shake, wave, or undulate

   그 여자는 그녀의 연인에게 손을 흔들고 있다.

   geu yeojaneun geunyeoui yeoninege soneul heundeulgo itda.

   The woman is waving her hand to her lover.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 흔들다 (heundeulda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	흔든다 heundeunda	흔들어 heundeureo	흔들어요 heundeureoyo	흔듭니다 heundeumnida
	Past	흔들었다 heundeureotda	흔들었어 heundeureosseo	흔들었어요 heundeureosseoyo	흔들었습니다 heundeureotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	흔드느냐 heundeuneunya	흔들어 heundeureo	흔들어요 heundeureoyo	흔듭니까 heundeumnikka
	Past	흔들었느냐 heundeureonneunya	흔들었어 heundeureosseo	흔들었어요 heundeureosseoyo	흔들었습니까 heundeureotseumnikka
Hortative		흔들자 heundeulja	흔들어 heundeureo	흔들어요 heundeureoyo	흔드십시다 heundeusipsida
Imperative		흔들어라 heundeureora	흔들어 heundeureo	흔들어요 heundeureoyo	흔듭시오 heundeupsio
Assertive		흔들겠다 heundeulgetda	흔들겠어 heundeulgesseo	흔들겠어요 heundeulgesseoyo	흔들겠습니다 heundeulgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		흔들어 heundeureo	흔들어서 heundeureoseo	흔드니 heundeuni	흔드니까 heundeunikka
Contrast		흔들지만 heundeuljiman	흔드는데 heundeuneunde	흔들더니 heundeuldeoni
Conjunction		흔들고 heundeulgo
Condition		흔들면 heundeulmyeon	흔들어야 heundeureoya
Motive		흔들려고 heundeullyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		흔듦 heundeum	흔들기 heundeulgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		흔들었음 heundeureosseum	흔들었기 heundeureotgi
Determiners	Past	흔든 heundeun
	Present	흔드는 heundeuneun
	Future	흔들 heundeul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	흔드신다 heundeusinda	흔드셔 heundeusyeo	흔드세요, 흔드셔요 heundeuseyo, heundeusyeoyo	흔드십니다 heundeusimnida
	Past	흔드셨다 heundeusyeotda	흔드셨어 heundeusyeosseo	흔드셨어요 heundeusyeosseoyo	흔드셨습니다 heundeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	흔드시느냐 heundeusineunya	흔드셔 heundeusyeo	흔드세요, 흔드셔요 heundeuseyo, heundeusyeoyo	흔드십니까 heundeusimnikka
	Past	흔드셨느냐 heundeusyeonneunya	흔드셨어 heundeusyeosseo	흔드셨어요 heundeusyeosseoyo	흔드셨습니까 heundeusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		흔드시라 heundeusira	흔드셔 heundeusyeo	흔드세요 heundeuseyo	흔드십시오 heundeusipsio
Assertive		흔드시겠다 heundeusigetda	흔드시겠어 heundeusigesseo	흔드시겠어요 heundeusigesseoyo	흔드시겠습니다 heundeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		흔드셔 heundeusyeo	흔드셔서 heundeusyeoseo	흔드시니 heundeusini	흔드시니까 heundeusinikka
Contrast		흔드시지만 heundeusijiman	흔드시는데 heundeusineunde	흔드시더니 heundeusideoni
Conjunction		흔드시고 heundeusigo
Condition		흔드시면 heundeusimyeon	흔드셔야 heundeusyeoya
Motive		흔드시려고 heundeusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		흔드심 heundeusim	흔드시기 heundeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		흔드셨음 heundeusyeosseum	흔드셨기 heundeusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	흔드신 heundeusin
	Present	흔드시는 heundeusineun
	Future	흔드실 heundeusil

Derived terms

• 흔들리다 (heundeullida, “to dangle, shake, wave”)
• 흔들거리다 (heundeulgeorida, “to keep dangling, waving”)
• 흔들흔들 (heundeulheundeul, “danglingly, shakingly, wavingly”)

Related terms

• 건드리다 (geondeurida, “to cause to dangle, to agitate”)
• 건들거리다 (geondeulgeorida, “to keep dangling, waving”)

See also

• 건달 (乾達, geondal, “jobless, hence penniless and restless guy”)
• 곤돌라 (gondolla, “gondola”)