-хава

Tundra Nenets

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• The shape of the suffix changes depending on the sound preceding it:
  • If the preceding sound is -э-, -е-, the suffix takes the form -хэва (-xewa).
  • If the preceding sound is -о-, -ё-, the suffix takes the form -хова (-xowa).
  • If the preceding sound is -у-, -ю-, the suffix takes the form -хува (-xuwa).
  • If the preceding sound is -и-, the suffix takes the form -хива (-xyiwa).
  • If the preceding sound is -ы-, the suffix takes the form -хыва (-xiwa).
  • If the preceding sound is -ʼ-, the suffix takes the form -гава (-gawa).
  • If the preceding sound is -ˮ-, the suffix takes the form -кава (-kawa).
  • In all other cases, the suffix retains the form -хава (-xawa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [-xʌwʌ]

Suffix

-хава • (-xawa)

1. Used to denote an emphatic contrast: though

Declension

Declension of -хава (-xawa) (regular)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	-хава (-xawa)	-хавахӑʼ (-xawaxăh)	-хаваˮ (-xawaq)
genitive	-хаваʼ (-xawah)	-хавахӑʼ (-xawaxăh)	-хавиˮ (-xawyiq)
accusative	-хавам (-xawam°)	-хавахӑʼ (-xawaxăh)	-хави (-xawyi)
allative	-хаван (-xawan°)	-хавахӑняʼ (-xawaxănyah)	-хавахӑˮ (-xawaxăq)
locative	-хавахӑна (-xawaxăna)	-хавахӑняна (-xawaxănyana)	-хавахӑˮна (-xawaxăqna)
ablative	-хавахӑд (-xawaxăd°)	-хавахӑняд (-xawaxănyad°)	-хавахӑт (-xawaxăt°)
prolative	-хававна (-xawawna)	-хавахӑнямна (-xawaxănyamna)	-хавиˮмӑна (-xawyiqmăna)

Derived terms

Category Tundra Nenets terms suffixed with -хава not found

References

• A. V. Almazova (1961) Самоучитель Ненецкого языка [Self-Teaching book of the Nenets language], Leningrad, page 205