-어ᇦ-

Middle Korean

Alternative forms

• -업- (-ep-), -압- (-ap-) — allophonic before consonants

Etymology

Related to -ᄫᅳ- (-Wù-). The two suffixes are in complementary distribution in fifteenth-century Middle Korean; -어ᇦ- (-eW-) is used after stems ending in falling diphthongs or certain stems with liquid finals, and -ᄫᅳ- (-Wù-) otherwise.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /əβ/
  • IPA^(key): [əβ~əw] (before vowels)
  • IPA^(key): [əp̚] (before consonants)

Harmonic pair

Yin-form	-어ᇦ- (-eW-)
Yang-form	-아ᇦ- (-aW-)

Suffix

-아ᇦ- (-aW-)

1. A suffix attaching to verbal stems ending in ㅣ (i) or ㄹ (l) to derive adjectives.

   Synonym: -ᄫᅳ- (-Wù-)

Usage notes

• ㅣ (i) is usually elided; the main exception is 므ᅀᅴ〮엽다〮 (mùzúyyèp-tá).

Derived terms

• 답〮ᄭᅡᆸ다〮 (tápskàp-tá, “to be stuffy”)
• 므ᅀᅴ〮엽다〮 (mùzúyyèp-tá, “to be afraid”)
• 므〮겁다〮 (múkèp-tá, “to be heavy”)
• 붓그럽다 (puskulep-ta, “to be ashamed”)
• 앗갑다 (askap-ta, “to be regrettable”)
• 어〮즈〮럽다〮 (écúlèp-tá, “to be disorienting”)
• 즐〮겁다〮 (cúlkèp-tá, “to be pleasing”)