-ZǪ́Ǫ́Z

Navajo

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *huˑs (“to stretch”), from Pre-Proto-Athabaskan *həwəs. Cognate with -LÓÓZ (“to lead”) and -DZĮ́Į́Z (“to drag”).

Cognate root found in Ahtna niniyuus (“stretch it out!”), Koyukon kʼətalhuł (“to spread something out”), Chipewyan tɛsθuθ (“I am dragging it”), naasdðuθ (“I usually turn it inside out”), Mattole -yoos (“to skin it”).

Root

-ZǪ́Ǫ́Z

  1. to pull or tear gently

Theme	Category	Bases	Transitive bases (O + ł)
O + ∅	motion	S pulls O, tears O yizǫ́ǫ́s (∅-MOM) iizǫ́ǫ́s yidizǫ́ǫ́s yidiizǫ́ǫ́s haizǫ́ǫ́s néízǫ́ǫ́s (“turn inside out”) naʼiidiizǫ́ǫ́s (nʼdii-, “detach”) yisdéízǫ́ǫ́s yízǫ́ǫ́s (ni-MOM) chʼíízǫ́ǫ́s niyízǫ́ǫ́s neizǫ́ǫ́z (CONT) yoozǫ́ǫ́s (PROG)

  2. to be striped

Theme	Category	Bases	Transitive bases (O + ł)
ni + d	adjectival	S is striped noodǫ́ǫ́z (NEUT) ałnánoodǫ́ǫ́z (“checkered”)

Stem set

Aspect	IMP	PERF	FUT	ITER	OPT
MOM	-zǫ́ǫ́s	-zǫ́ǫ́z	-zǫ́ǫ́s	-zǫ́ǫ́s	-zǫ́ǫ́s
CONT	-zǫ́ǫ́z	-zǫ́ǫ́z	-zǫ́ǫ́s	-zǫ́ǫ́s	-zǫ́ǫ́z
NEUT	-	-zǫ́ǫ́z	-	-	-

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

to pull, to drag:

• -DZĮ́Į́Z
• -TSʼǪ́Ǫ́D
• -ZHÓÓD

to tear:

• -DLÁÁD (roughly)
• -TʼÓÓD

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -ZǪ́Ǫ́Z (pull gently)