-us + -taa, probably mostly by analogy or re-extraction, or through cases where the intermediate derivation was lost.
-ustaa (front vowel harmony variant -ystää, stem -usta-, linguistic notation -UstA- or -UstAA)
- Forms verbs for actions, with a somewhat frequentative meaning.
Inflection of -ustaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation)
|
indicative mood
|
present tense
|
perfect
|
1st sing.
|
-ustan
|
en -usta
|
1st sing.
|
olen -ustanut
|
en ole -ustanut
|
2nd sing.
|
-ustat
|
et -usta
|
2nd sing.
|
olet -ustanut
|
et ole -ustanut
|
3rd sing.
|
-ustaa
|
ei -usta
|
3rd sing.
|
on -ustanut
|
ei ole -ustanut
|
1st plur.
|
-ustamme
|
emme -usta
|
1st plur.
|
olemme -ustaneet
|
emme ole -ustaneet
|
2nd plur.
|
-ustatte
|
ette -usta
|
2nd plur.
|
olette -ustaneet
|
ette ole -ustaneet
|
3rd plur.
|
-ustavat
|
eivät -usta
|
3rd plur.
|
ovat -ustaneet
|
eivät ole -ustaneet
|
passive
|
-ustetaan
|
ei -usteta
|
passive
|
on -ustettu
|
ei ole -ustettu
|
past tense
|
pluperfect
|
1st sing.
|
-ustin
|
en -ustanut
|
1st sing.
|
olin -ustanut
|
en ollut -ustanut
|
2nd sing.
|
-ustit
|
et -ustanut
|
2nd sing.
|
olit -ustanut
|
et ollut -ustanut
|
3rd sing.
|
-usti
|
ei -ustanut
|
3rd sing.
|
oli -ustanut
|
ei ollut -ustanut
|
1st plur.
|
-ustimme
|
emme -ustaneet
|
1st plur.
|
olimme -ustaneet
|
emme olleet -ustaneet
|
2nd plur.
|
-ustitte
|
ette -ustaneet
|
2nd plur.
|
olitte -ustaneet
|
ette olleet -ustaneet
|
3rd plur.
|
-ustivat
|
eivät -ustaneet
|
3rd plur.
|
olivat -ustaneet
|
eivät olleet -ustaneet
|
passive
|
-ustettiin
|
ei -ustettu
|
passive
|
oli -ustettu
|
ei ollut -ustettu
|
conditional mood
|
present
|
perfect
|
1st sing.
|
-ustaisin
|
en -ustaisi
|
1st sing.
|
olisin -ustanut
|
en olisi -ustanut
|
2nd sing.
|
-ustaisit
|
et -ustaisi
|
2nd sing.
|
olisit -ustanut
|
et olisi -ustanut
|
3rd sing.
|
-ustaisi
|
ei -ustaisi
|
3rd sing.
|
olisi -ustanut
|
ei olisi -ustanut
|
1st plur.
|
-ustaisimme
|
emme -ustaisi
|
1st plur.
|
olisimme -ustaneet
|
emme olisi -ustaneet
|
2nd plur.
|
-ustaisitte
|
ette -ustaisi
|
2nd plur.
|
olisitte -ustaneet
|
ette olisi -ustaneet
|
3rd plur.
|
-ustaisivat
|
eivät -ustaisi
|
3rd plur.
|
olisivat -ustaneet
|
eivät olisi -ustaneet
|
passive
|
-ustettaisiin
|
ei -ustettaisi
|
passive
|
olisi -ustettu
|
ei olisi -ustettu
|
imperative mood
|
present
|
perfect
|
1st sing.
|
—
|
—
|
1st sing.
|
—
|
—
|
2nd sing.
|
-usta
|
älä -usta
|
2nd sing.
|
—
|
—
|
3rd sing.
|
-ustakoon
|
älköön -ustako
|
3rd sing.
|
olkoon -ustanut
|
älköön olko -ustanut
|
1st plur.
|
-ustakaamme
|
älkäämme -ustako
|
1st plur.
|
—
|
—
|
2nd plur.
|
-ustakaa
|
älkää -ustako
|
2nd plur.
|
—
|
—
|
3rd plur.
|
-ustakoot
|
älkööt -ustako
|
3rd plur.
|
olkoot -ustaneet
|
älkööt olko -ustaneet
|
passive
|
-ustettakoon
|
älköön -ustettako
|
passive
|
olkoon -ustettu
|
älköön olko -ustettu
|
potential mood
|
present
|
perfect
|
1st sing.
|
-ustanen
|
en -ustane
|
1st sing.
|
lienen -ustanut
|
en liene -ustanut
|
2nd sing.
|
-ustanet
|
et -ustane
|
2nd sing.
|
lienet -ustanut
|
et liene -ustanut
|
3rd sing.
|
-ustanee
|
ei -ustane
|
3rd sing.
|
lienee -ustanut
|
ei liene -ustanut
|
1st plur.
|
-ustanemme
|
emme -ustane
|
1st plur.
|
lienemme -ustaneet
|
emme liene -ustaneet
|
2nd plur.
|
-ustanette
|
ette -ustane
|
2nd plur.
|
lienette -ustaneet
|
ette liene -ustaneet
|
3rd plur.
|
-ustanevat
|
eivät -ustane
|
3rd plur.
|
lienevät -ustaneet
|
eivät liene -ustaneet
|
passive
|
-ustettaneen
|
ei -ustettane
|
passive
|
lienee -ustettu
|
ei liene -ustettu
|
Nominal forms
|
infinitives
|
participles
|
|
active
|
passive
|
|
active
|
passive
|
1st
|
-ustaa
|
present
|
-ustava
|
-ustettava
|
long 1st1
|
Person
|
sing.
|
plur.
|
1st
|
-ustaakseni
|
-ustaaksemme
|
2nd
|
-ustaaksesi
|
-ustaaksenne
|
3rd
|
-ustaakseen -ustaaksensa
|
|
past
|
-ustanut
|
-ustettu
|
2nd
|
inessive2
|
-ustaessa
|
-ustettaessa
|
agent4
|
-ustama
|
Person
|
sing.
|
plur.
|
1st
|
-ustaessani
|
-ustaessamme
|
2nd
|
-ustaessasi
|
-ustaessanne
|
3rd
|
-ustaessaan -ustaessansa
|
|
negative
|
-ustamaton
|
instructive
|
-ustaen
|
—
|
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
* The third-person singular indicative form -ustaa does not exhibit final gemination, unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
|
3rd
|
inessive
|
-ustamassa
|
—
|
elative
|
-ustamasta
|
—
|
illative
|
-ustamaan
|
—
|
adessive
|
-ustamalla
|
—
|
abessive
|
-ustamatta
|
—
|
instructive
|
-ustaman
|
-ustettaman
|
4th3
|
verbal noun
|
-ustaminen
|
5th1
|
Person
|
sing.
|
plur.
|
1st
|
-ustamaisillani
|
-ustamaisillamme
|
2nd
|
-ustamaisillasi
|
-ustamaisillanne
|
3rd
|
-ustamaisillaan -ustamaisillansa
|
|