Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gaumaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Kroonen reconstructs this word from earlier *gaugmaz (compare *draumaz), and connects it with Sanskrit गूहति (gūhati, “to hide”) (with analogical -ū-), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰewǵʰ-, *gʷʰewǵʰ-, assuming the original meaning was "to heed, guard".

Alternatively, Mayrhofer connects this word with Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰáwšas (“noise, sound”) (whence Persian گوش (gôš, “ear”) and Sanskrit घुष् (ghuṣ, “sound”)), assuming an original form of Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾ʰew- (“to perceive”) from which both roots derive.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣɑu̯.mɑz/

Noun

*gaumaz m

1. heed, attention

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *gaumaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*gaumaz	*gaumōz, *gaumōs
vocative	*gaum	*gaumōz, *gaumōs
accusative	*gaumą	*gaumanz
genitive	*gaumas, *gaumis	*gaumǫ̂
dative	*gaumai	*gaumamaz
instrumental	*gaumō	*gaumamiz

Derived terms

• *gaumijaną

Related terms

• *gumjaną
• *gaumō

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *gaum
  • Old Saxon: *gōm
    • Middle Low German: gôm, goum
      • →? Old Frisian: gōm
  • Old Dutch: *gōm
    • Middle Dutch: gôom
      • Dutch: goom
  • Old High German: *goum m; goum f
    • Middle High German: goum, gām m; goume f
      • German: Gaum f
• Old Norse: gaumr
  • Faroese: geymur, geymi
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: gaum, åtgaum
  • → Middle English: gome
    • English: gaum, gorm (dialectal)
    • Scots: goam
      • → English: gumption