1982, Paul Kiparsky, Explanation in Phonology (Foris Publications; →ISBN, 9789070176372), page 124
In Russian the dentals t, d, s and the velars k, g, x become palatalized to č, ž, š by a process that is quite productive in the verb conjugation. (The inverted hat (haček) represents palatalization and the symbol ʒ stands for a dental affricate.)
I’m using PC SAS and would like to get the symbol for infinity in the title of my output. I’m pretty sure most of my DOS and Windows apps allow you to do that . . . All you have to do is hold down the Alt key and enter 236. When I do that with SAS, it shows up correctly onscreen; but when it’s printed out, I get an ‘s’ with an inverted hat over it.
In the first part of this section, we[…] fix our notations and conventions.[…] We denote the eleven-dimensional fields and cordinates with an 'inverted hat', the ten-dimensional objects with 'hat' and objects in nine dimensions will be denoted without 'hat'.[…] The bosonic part of the CJS supergravity action has the form
If you don’t find any references to Franz Krommer, try Frantisek Kramar (put an acute accent over the last a, and an inverted hat over the s and the last r. Damn the limitations of ASCII)
So, what is this Venetic theory that provokes so much enthusiasm in one camp and so much contempt and sarcasm in the other? Generally it is considered that the Slovenes are descendants of the Slavs who in the 6th century arrived as far as the eastern foothills of the Alps. Supported by a few documentary sources this hypothesis is upheld by present-day Slovenian scholars, as well as those who, after [the Czech] Šafarik [r with inverted hat], have studied the ancient history of the Slavs.
“dabelska smes” has diacritic sign over both a and an inverted hat over the e in smes. I bought this mix in Czechia and like it for seasoning if I aim at balkan food.
The Czechs pronounce the name of their country (it’s the Ceska republika, the C being accented with one of those cute little inverted hats on top) Cheska …… (more or less).
Once you go beyond latin-1 there is nothing common anyway. The Gullimots become T and t with inverted hats under Latin-2, oe and G with an inverted hat under Latin-3, oe and G with a squiggle under it under Latin-4, No meaning and a stylisd K for Latin-5, (cant find latin6), Gullimots under Latin 7, nothing under latin-8.
evangeʹlical (-nj-) a. & n. of or according to the teaching of the gospel or the Christian religion; (member) of the Protestent school maintaining that the essence of the gospel consists in doctrine of salvation by faith in Atonement, whence ~ISM (3) n.; hence ~LY^2 adv. [from ecclesiastical Latin from ecclesiastical Greek ‘euggelikos’ (as EVANGEL; see -IC, -AL)] ** The ‘e’ in ‘eva’ has a macron over it this time, making it ‘ee’; the ‘a’ has an inverted hat again; the ‘e’ and ‘i’ in ‘geli’ have inverted hats, making them short.
Once you go beyond latin-1 there is nothing common anyway. The Gullimots become T and t with inverted hats under Latin-2, oe and G with an inverted hat under Latin-3, oe and G with a squiggle under it under Latin-4, No meaning and a stylisd K for Latin-5, (cant find latin6), Gullimots under Latin 7, nothing under latin-8.
Now, one (obviously) has to have the basic ‘Roman’ alphabet. Then there are all the diacritical markings (accent, accent grave, dot umlaut, ring, bar, ‘hat’, inverted hat, etc.) for vowels. And cedilla, tilde, etc., for select consonants. Plus language specific symbols like ess-zett , ‘thorn’, etc.
![{\displaystyle S^{(11)}=\int d^{11}{\check {x}}{\check {e}}\left[{\check {R}}-{\frac {1}{12}}{\check {F}}_{{\check {\mu }}{\check {\nu }}{\check {\rho }}{\check {\sigma }}}{\check {F}}^{{\check {\mu }}{\check {\nu }}{\check {\rho }}{\check {\sigma }}}+{\frac {8}{(12)^{4}}}{\frac {1}{\check {e}}}\epsilon ^{{\check {\mu }}_{1}\ldots {\check {\mu }}_{11}}{\check {F}}_{{\check {\mu }}_{1}\ldots {\check {\mu }}_{4}}{\check {F}}_{{\check {\mu }}_{5}\ldots {\check {\mu }}_{8}}{\check {C}}_{{\check {\mu }}_{9}\ldots {\check {\mu }}_{11}}\right]}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d478adf52cb532dbf41e401663f6b8da58527609)