Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/banua

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /banua/

Noun

*banua

1. inhabited land (territory supporting the life of a community)

Descendants

• Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *banua
  • Proto-Philippine: *banua
    • Batanic:
      • Ibatan: banua
      • Itbayaten: vanua
      • Ivatan: vanua
    • Central Luzon:
      • Abenlen Ayta: banwa
      • Kapampangan: banwa, banua
    • Greater Central Philippine:
      • Central Philippine:
        • Bikol:
          • Bikol Central: banwa
          • Northern Catanduanes Bicolano: banwa
        • Subanen:
          • Central Subanen: benwa
        • Visayan:
          • Aklanon: banwa
          • Asi: banwa
          • Cebuano: banwa
          • Hiligaynon: banwa
          • Romblomanon: banwa
          • Tausug: banuwa
          • Waray-Waray: banwa
      • Manobo:
        • Agusan Manobo: banwa
        • Dibabawon Manobo: banwa
      • Palawan:
        • Brooke's Point Palawano: benwa
        • Central Tagbanwa: banwa, banuwa
        • Tagbanwa: banwa
      • South Mangyan:
        • Buhid: banwa
    • Kalamian:
      • Agutaynen: banoa
    • Minahasan:
      • Tondano: wanua
    • Northern Luzon:
      • Pangasinan: banwa
    • Sangiric:
      • Sangir: banua
  • North Bornean
    • Southwest Sabahan
      • Dusunic
        • Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan: vonuvo
      • Paitanic
        • Tombonuo: wonuo
        • Upper Kinabatangan: wanuo
  • Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
    • Mentawai: manua
    • Nias: banua
    • Simeulue: bano, fano
    • Toba Batak: banua
  • Malayo-Sumbawan
    • Proto-Malayic: *bənua
      • Banjarese: banua
      • Brunei Malay: benua
      • Iban: menoa, menua
      • Malay: benua
        • Baba Malay: benua
        • Indonesian: benua
      • Minangkabau: benua, banua
      • Urak Lawoi': บือนูวา (benuwa)
  • Old Javanese: wanwa
  • South Sulawesi
    • Embaloh: banua
    • Makasar: banoa
    • Mandar: banua
    • Tae': banua
  • Celebic
    • Banggai: bonua
    • Lauje: bonuo
    • Pamona: banua
    • Wolio: banua
  • Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *banua
    • Central Malayo-Polynesian:
      • Selaru: hnua
      • Yamdena: pnue
    • Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
      • Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih: *fanua
        • Ansus: wanu
        • Roon: monu
        • Sawai: pnu
        • Waropen: nu
      • Proto-Oceanic: *panua (“village”)
        • Western Oceanic:
          • Hiri Motu: hanua
          • Molima: vanua
          • Motu: hanua
        • Central–Eastern Oceanic:
          • Southeast Solomonic:
            • 'Are'are: hanua
            • Arosi: hanua, henua
            • Bughotu: vanua
            • Kwaio: fanua
            • Longgu: vanua
            • Lau: fanua
            • Sa'a: hanua
          • Southern Oceanic:
            • Mota: vanua
            • Nokuku: wenua
            • Wusi: wanua
          • Micronesian:
            • Woleaian: faliuw
          • Central Pacific:
            • Fijian: vanua
            • Proto-Polynesian: *fenua
              • Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
                • Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
                  • Marquesic:
                    • Hawaiian: henua, honua
                    • Mangarevan: ’enua
                    • North Marquesan: henua
                    • South Marquesan: fenua
                  • Rapa Nui: henua
                  • Tahitic:
                    • Maori: whenua
                    • Rakahanga-Manihiki: fenua, henua
                    • Rarotongan: 'enua
                    • Tahitian: fenua
                    • Tuamotuan: fenua
                • Samoic-Outlier:
                  • Ellicean:
                    • Kapingamarangi: fenua, henua
                    • Sikaiana: henua
                    • Takuu: fenua
                    • Tuvaluan: fenua
                  • Futunic:
                    • Anuta: penua
                    • East Futuna: fenua
                    • Emae: fenua
                    • Mele-Fila: fenua
                    • Pukapukan: wenua
                    • Tikopia: fenua
                  • Samoic:
                    • Samoan: fanua
                    • Tokelauan: fenua
              • Tongic:
                • Niuafo'ou: fenua
                • Tongan: fonua

Further reading

• Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *banua