Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ümbär

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Alternative forms

• *ümber

Alternative reconstructions

• *ümpärä?

Etymology

From a root *ümpä- +‎ *-r(a). The root is borrowed from Proto-Germanic *umbi.

Reconstruction

Estonian suggests *ümber instead; *-ä- is however found too in the derivative *ümbärtädäk (Estonian ümmardama), suggesting that forms with *-e- are due to later changes.

Noun

*ümbär

1. surroundings

Usage notes

May have been used chiefly in plural, as most descendants use plural forms as well.

Inflection

Inflection of *ümbär

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*ümbär	*ümpäret
accusative		*ümpären	*ümpäret
genitive		*ümpären	*ümbärden *ümpäriden
partitive		*ümbärtä	*ümpäritä
inessive		*ümpäressä *ümpärehnä	*ümpärissä *ümpärihnä
elative		*ümpärestä	*ümpäristä
illative		*ümpäresen	*ümpärisen
adessive		*ümpärellä	*ümpärillä
ablative		*ümpäreltä	*ümpäriltä
allative		*ümpärelen *ümpärelek	*ümpärilen *ümpärilek
essive		*ümbärnä	*ümpärinä
translative		*ümpäreksi	*ümpäriksi
instructive		*ümpären	*ümpärin
comitative		*ümbärnek	*ümpärinek
abessive		*ümpärettä	*ümpärittä

Derived terms

• *ümbärtädäk
• *ümpärik

Descendants

Does not survive as an independent noun in any descendant, but various forms exist as adverbs:

• Finnish: ympärillä (adessive plural), ympärille (allative plural), ympäriltä (ablative plural), ympäriinsä (inessive plural + possessive)
• Ingrian: ympäriil (adessive plural), ympärille (allative plural), ympärilt (ablative plural)
• Votic: (Pihlaala) ümperitsee (prolative plural)

Unsorted formations:

• ⇒ Ingrian: ympärikko

Related terms

• *umpi