Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kiro

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *kira-(w-). Cognate with Proto-Samic *kërō (whence Northern Sami garru).

Noun

*kiro

1. curse

Inflection

Inflection of *kiro

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*kiro	*kirot
accusative		*kiron	*kirot
genitive		*kiron	*kirodën *kiroidën
partitive		*kiroda	*kiroida
inessive		*kirossa *kirohna	*kiroissa *kiroihna
elative		*kirosta	*kiroista
illative		*kirohën	*kiroihën
adessive		*kirolla	*kiroilla
ablative		*kirolta	*kiroilta
allative		*kirolën *kirolëk	*kiroilën *kiroilëk
essive		*kirona	*kiroina
translative		*kiroksi	*kiroiksi
instructive		*kiron	*kiroin
comitative		*kironëk	*kiroinëk
abessive		*kirotta	*kiroitta

Derived terms

• *kirot'ak

Descendants

• Finnish: kiro
• Ingrian: kero
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: kiro
  • South Karelian: kiro
• Livvi: kiro

Further reading

• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kiro”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN