Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/koopidak
Proto-Finnic
editEtymology
editUncertain. Possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian kāpt, Lithuanian kopti), or alternatively, derived from unattested noun *koopa (“hoof”), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hōfaz.[1]
Verb
edit- to paw (dig)
Inflection
editInflection of *koopidak
Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
present | past | imperative | optative | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st sing. | *koobin | *koopëjin | — | *koopigon |
2nd sing. | *koobit | *koopëjit | *koobik | *koopigos |
3rd sing. | *koopibi *koopi |
*koopëji | *koopigasën | *koopigosën |
1st plur. | *koobikmëk *koobikmak |
*koopëjimëk *koopëjimak |
*koopigatëmëk *koopigatamak |
*koopigotëmëk *koopigotamak |
2nd plur. | *koobiktëk *koobiktak |
*koopëjidëk *koopëjidak |
*koopigatë *koopigata |
*koopigot'ëk *koopigotadak |
3rd plur. | *koopibat *koopi |
*koopëji | *koopigasën | *koopigosën |
passive | *koobiksën *koobit'aksën |
*koopidisën *koobittisën |
*koopidakahën *koobittakahën |
*koopidakohën *koobittakohën |
connegative | *koobik | — | *koopigak | *koopigok |
passive connegative | *koobiktak | — | *koopidagak *koobittagak |
*koopidagok *koobittagok |
conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
1st sing. | *koobikcin | *koopëjicin | *koopinën | |
2nd sing. | *koobikcit | *koopëjicit | *koopinët | |
3rd sing. | *koobikci | *koopëjici | *koopini | |
1st plur. | *koobikcimëk *koobikcimak |
*koopëjicimëk *koopëjicimak |
*koopinëmëk *koopinëmak | |
2nd plur. | *koobikcidëk *koobikcidak |
*koopëjicidëk *koopëjicidak |
*koopinëdëk *koopinëdak | |
3rd plur. | *koobikci | *koopëjici | *koopini | |
passive | *koopidakcihën *koobit'akcihën |
*koopidicihën *koobitticihën |
*koopidanëhën *koobittanëhën | |
connegative | *koobikcik | *koopëjicik | *koopinëk | |
passive connegative | *koopidakcik *koobit'akcik |
*koopidicik *koobitticik |
*koopidanëk *koobittanëk | |
non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
active | passive | |||
infinitive 1 | *koopidak | present | *koopiba | *koopidapa *koobittapa |
infinitive 2 | *koopidë- | past | *koopinut | *koopidu *koobittu |
gerund/supine | *koopima | |||
action noun | *koopiminen |
Descendants
editFrom *koopit'ak:
- Estonian: (dialectal) koobitsema/koobitseda
- Finnish: (dialectal) kuopita
- Veps: kobitasta
- Võro: koobitsõma/koobitsaq
References
editFurther reading
edit- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kuopia”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words][3] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN