Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/virka

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian verdze).

Noun

*virka

1. line, row

Inflection

Inflection of *virka

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*virka	*virgat
accusative		*virgan	*virgat
genitive		*virgan	*virkadën *virkoidën
partitive		*virkada	*virkoida
inessive		*virgassa *virgahna	*virgoissa *virgoihna
elative		*virgasta	*virgoista
illative		*virkahën	*virkoihën
adessive		*virgalla	*virgoilla
ablative		*virgalta	*virgoilta
allative		*virkalën *virkalëk	*virkoilën *virkoilëk
essive		*virkana	*virkoina
translative		*virgaksi	*virgoiksi
instructive		*virgan	*virgoin
comitative		*virkanëk	*virkoinëk
abessive		*virgatta	*virgoitta

Descendants

• Estonian: (dialectal) virg, viirg
• Finnish: (dialectal) virka
• Ingrian: virka
• Karelian:
  • South Karelian: virga
• Livvi: virgu
• Ludian: virg
• Veps: virg
• Võro: ⇒ virgus, viirgus
• Votic: virkõ
• → Russian: ворга (vorga)

Further reading

• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “virka”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN